GET https://rct.dev.bbntimes.com/global-economy/talking-econometrics

Response
200 OK
IP
3.131.98.117
Profiled on
Token
2e24a4

ArticleController :: show

Request

GET Parameters

None

POST Parameters

None

Uploaded Files

None

Request Attributes

Key Value
_controller 
"App\Controller\ArticleController::show"
_firewall_context 
"security.firewall.map.context.main"
_links 
Symfony\Component\WebLink\GenericLinkProvider {#3614
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      -rel: [
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      -attributes: [
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      ]
    }
    3733 => Symfony\Component\WebLink\Link {#3733
      -href: "/build/644.js"
      -rel: [
        "preload" => "preload"
      ]
      -attributes: [
        "as" => "script"
      ]
    }
    3732 => Symfony\Component\WebLink\Link {#3732
      -href: "/build/502.js"
      -rel: [
        "preload" => "preload"
      ]
      -attributes: [
        "as" => "script"
      ]
    }
    3731 => Symfony\Component\WebLink\Link {#3731
      -href: "/build/app.js"
      -rel: [
        "preload" => "preload"
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      -attributes: [
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      ]
    }
    3730 => Symfony\Component\WebLink\Link {#3730
      -href: "/build/view-more.js"
      -rel: [
        "preload" => "preload"
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      -attributes: [
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      ]
    }
    3729 => Symfony\Component\WebLink\Link {#3729
      -href: "/build/term-condition.js"
      -rel: [
        "preload" => "preload"
      ]
      -attributes: [
        "as" => "script"
      ]
    }
    3728 => Symfony\Component\WebLink\Link {#3728
      -href: "/build/contact.js"
      -rel: [
        "preload" => "preload"
      ]
      -attributes: [
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      ]
    }
    3727 => Symfony\Component\WebLink\Link {#3727
      -href: "/build/scroll-infinite-article.js"
      -rel: [
        "preload" => "preload"
      ]
      -attributes: [
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      ]
    }
    3726 => Symfony\Component\WebLink\Link {#3726
      -href: "/build/app.css"
      -rel: [
        "preload" => "preload"
      ]
      -attributes: [
        "as" => "style"
      ]
    }
    3725 => Symfony\Component\WebLink\Link {#3725
      -href: "/build/cookie-style.css"
      -rel: [
        "preload" => "preload"
      ]
      -attributes: [
        "as" => "style"
      ]
    }
    3724 => Symfony\Component\WebLink\Link {#3724
      -href: "/build/term-condition-css.css"
      -rel: [
        "preload" => "preload"
      ]
      -attributes: [
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      ]
    }
    3723 => Symfony\Component\WebLink\Link {#3723
      -href: "/build/contact-css.css"
      -rel: [
        "preload" => "preload"
      ]
      -attributes: [
        "as" => "style"
      ]
    }
    3722 => Symfony\Component\WebLink\Link {#3722
      -href: "/build/comment-css.css"
      -rel: [
        "preload" => "preload"
      ]
      -attributes: [
        "as" => "style"
      ]
    }
  ]
}
_route 
"article_show"
_route_params 
[
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  "slug" => "talking-econometrics"
]
_security_firewall_run 
"_security_main"
_stopwatch_token 
"de1ab1"
category 
"global-economy"
slug 
"talking-econometrics"

Request Headers

Header Value
accept 
"*/*"
accept-encoding 
"gzip, br, zstd, deflate"
connection 
"close"
cookie 
"PHPSESSID=98pqttautmpb2tkl3vb59m77uh"
host 
"rct.dev.bbntimes.com"
user-agent 
"Mozilla/5.0 AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko; compatible; ClaudeBot/1.0; +claudebot@anthropic.com)"
x-php-ob-level 
"1"

Request Content

Request content not available (it was retrieved as a resource).

Response

Response Headers

Header Value
cache-control 
"no-cache, private"
content-type 
"text/html; charset=UTF-8"
date 
"Sat, 22 Feb 2025 08:51:26 GMT"
link 
"</build/runtime.js>; rel="preload"; as="script",</build/644.js>; rel="preload"; as="script",</build/502.js>; rel="preload"; as="script",</build/app.js>; rel="preload"; as="script",</build/view-more.js>; rel="preload"; as="script",</build/term-condition.js>; rel="preload"; as="script",</build/contact.js>; rel="preload"; as="script",</build/scroll-infinite-article.js>; rel="preload"; as="script",</build/app.css>; rel="preload"; as="style",</build/cookie-style.css>; rel="preload"; as="style",</build/term-condition-css.css>; rel="preload"; as="style",</build/contact-css.css>; rel="preload"; as="style",</build/comment-css.css>; rel="preload"; as="style""
x-debug-token 
"2e24a4"

Cookies

Request Cookies

Key Value
PHPSESSID 
"98pqttautmpb2tkl3vb59m77uh"

Response Cookies

No response cookies

Session 6

Session Metadata

Key Value
Created 
"Sat, 22 Feb 25 08:51:23 +0000"
Last used 
"Sat, 22 Feb 25 08:51:24 +0000"
Lifetime 
0

Session Attributes

Attribute Value
_csrf/https-comment 
"oAcWkYSPOkJsnLDO4M5oYeJXa7-jo4f_QyH95OkfyYA"
_csrf/https-cookie_accept 
"Llduh2pIJBbtqVFFnBoz51jJ79jhizWdrsFgCaaVfAU"

Session Usage

6 Usages
Stateless check enabled
Usage
Symfony\Component\Security\Csrf\TokenStorage\SessionTokenStorage:76
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Symfony\Component\Security\Csrf\TokenStorage\SessionTokenStorage:79
Show trace 
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Symfony\Component\Security\Csrf\TokenStorage\SessionTokenStorage:52
Show trace 
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Symfony\Component\Security\Csrf\TokenStorage\SessionTokenStorage:56
Show trace 
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    "function" => "handleRaw"
    "class" => "Symfony\Component\HttpKernel\HttpKernel"
    "type" => "->"
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    "file" => "/var/www/vhosts/dev.bbntimes.com/rct.dev.bbntimes.com/vendor/symfony/http-kernel/Kernel.php"
    "line" => 197
    "function" => "handle"
    "class" => "Symfony\Component\HttpKernel\HttpKernel"
    "type" => "->"
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    "line" => 35
    "function" => "handle"
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    "type" => "->"
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  [
    "file" => "/var/www/vhosts/dev.bbntimes.com/rct.dev.bbntimes.com/vendor/autoload_runtime.php"
    "line" => 29
    "function" => "run"
    "class" => "Symfony\Component\Runtime\Runner\Symfony\HttpKernelRunner"
    "type" => "->"
  ]
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    "file" => "/var/www/vhosts/dev.bbntimes.com/rct.dev.bbntimes.com/public/index.php"
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      "/var/www/vhosts/dev.bbntimes.com/rct.dev.bbntimes.com/vendor/autoload_runtime.php"
    ]
    "function" => "require_once"
  ]
]
Symfony\Component\Security\Core\Authentication\Token\Storage\UsageTrackingTokenStorage:41
Show trace 
[
  [
    "file" => "/var/www/vhosts/dev.bbntimes.com/rct.dev.bbntimes.com/vendor/symfony/security-core/Authentication/Token/Storage/UsageTrackingTokenStorage.php"
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    "function" => "getMetadataBag"
    "class" => "Symfony\Component\HttpFoundation\Session\Session"
    "type" => "->"
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    "file" => "/var/www/vhosts/dev.bbntimes.com/rct.dev.bbntimes.com/vendor/symfony/twig-bridge/AppVariable.php"
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    "function" => "display"
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  [
    "file" => "/var/www/vhosts/dev.bbntimes.com/rct.dev.bbntimes.com/vendor/twig/twig/src/TemplateWrapper.php"
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    "class" => "Twig\Template"
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  [
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    "function" => "doRender"
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    "function" => "show"
    "class" => "App\Controller\ArticleController"
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    "function" => "handle"
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    "function" => "handle"
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    "function" => "run"
    "class" => "Symfony\Component\Runtime\Runner\Symfony\HttpKernelRunner"
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  [
    "file" => "/var/www/vhosts/dev.bbntimes.com/rct.dev.bbntimes.com/public/index.php"
    "line" => 5
    "args" => [
      "/var/www/vhosts/dev.bbntimes.com/rct.dev.bbntimes.com/vendor/autoload_runtime.php"
    ]
    "function" => "require_once"
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]
Symfony\Component\Security\Http\Firewall\ContextListener:171
Show trace 
[
  [
    "file" => "/var/www/vhosts/dev.bbntimes.com/rct.dev.bbntimes.com/vendor/symfony/security-http/Firewall/ContextListener.php"
    "line" => 171
    "function" => "remove"
    "class" => "Symfony\Component\HttpFoundation\Session\Session"
    "type" => "->"
  ]
  [
    "file" => "/var/www/vhosts/dev.bbntimes.com/rct.dev.bbntimes.com/vendor/symfony/event-dispatcher/Debug/WrappedListener.php"
    "line" => 116
    "function" => "onKernelResponse"
    "class" => "Symfony\Component\Security\Http\Firewall\ContextListener"
    "type" => "->"
  ]
  [
    "file" => "/var/www/vhosts/dev.bbntimes.com/rct.dev.bbntimes.com/vendor/symfony/event-dispatcher/EventDispatcher.php"
    "line" => 220
    "function" => "__invoke"
    "class" => "Symfony\Component\EventDispatcher\Debug\WrappedListener"
    "type" => "->"
  ]
  [
    "file" => "/var/www/vhosts/dev.bbntimes.com/rct.dev.bbntimes.com/vendor/symfony/event-dispatcher/EventDispatcher.php"
    "line" => 56
    "function" => "callListeners"
    "class" => "Symfony\Component\EventDispatcher\EventDispatcher"
    "type" => "->"
  ]
  [
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    "function" => "dispatch"
    "class" => "Symfony\Component\EventDispatcher\EventDispatcher"
    "type" => "->"
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  [
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    "function" => "dispatch"
    "class" => "Symfony\Component\EventDispatcher\Debug\TraceableEventDispatcher"
    "type" => "->"
  ]
  [
    "file" => "/var/www/vhosts/dev.bbntimes.com/rct.dev.bbntimes.com/vendor/symfony/http-kernel/HttpKernel.php"
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    "function" => "filterResponse"
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    "function" => "handleRaw"
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]

Flashes

Flashes

No flash messages were created.

Server Parameters

Server Parameters

Defined in .env

Key Value
APP_ENV 
"dev"
APP_SECRET 
"0a988e63f011514eaabfc650b599af4d"
CORS_ALLOW_ORIGIN 
"*"
DATABASE_URL 
"mysql://bbndb_rctuser:33F5W25z40or0f7@localhost:3306/rct_bbntimes"
GOOGLE_RECAPTCHA_SECRET_KEY 
"6LdV5fgpAAAAANxzTG8ZMfIjil1wu-1vrQvnUt-x"
GOOGLE_RECAPTCHA_SITE_KEY 
"6LdV5fgpAAAAAENKcn73MJAhQrbtQeqgyC4wDLMP"
MAILER_DSN 
"smtp://no-reply%40rct.dev.bbntimes.com:Bl6%26gLD48%26Of919@rct.dev.bbntimes.com:465"
MARIADB_PASSWORD 
"i!87pK&!85ezc8"

Defined as regular env variables

Key Value
APP_DEBUG 
"1"
BASE 
"/public"
CONTEXT_DOCUMENT_ROOT 
"/var/www/vhosts/dev.bbntimes.com/rct.dev.bbntimes.com"
CONTEXT_PREFIX 
""
DOCUMENT_ROOT 
"/var/www/vhosts/dev.bbntimes.com/rct.dev.bbntimes.com"
FCGI_ROLE 
"RESPONDER"
GATEWAY_INTERFACE 
"CGI/1.1"
HTTPS 
"on"
HTTP_ACCEPT 
"*/*"
HTTP_ACCEPT_ENCODING 
"gzip, br, zstd, deflate"
HTTP_CONNECTION 
"close"
HTTP_COOKIE 
"PHPSESSID=98pqttautmpb2tkl3vb59m77uh"
HTTP_HOST 
"rct.dev.bbntimes.com"
HTTP_USER_AGENT 
"Mozilla/5.0 AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko; compatible; ClaudeBot/1.0; +claudebot@anthropic.com)"
PASSENGER_COMPILE_NATIVE_SUPPORT_BINARY 
"0"
PASSENGER_DOWNLOAD_NATIVE_SUPPORT_BINARY 
"0"
PATH 
"/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/sbin:/bin:/snap/bin"
PHP_SELF 
"/public/index.php"
PP_CUSTOM_PHP_CGI_INDEX 
"plesk-php81-fastcgi"
PP_CUSTOM_PHP_INI 
"/var/www/vhosts/system/rct.dev.bbntimes.com/etc/php.ini"
QUERY_STRING 
""
REDIRECT_BASE 
"/public"
REDIRECT_HTTPS 
"on"
REDIRECT_PASSENGER_COMPILE_NATIVE_SUPPORT_BINARY 
"0"
REDIRECT_PASSENGER_DOWNLOAD_NATIVE_SUPPORT_BINARY 
"0"
REDIRECT_REDIRECT_HTTPS 
"on"
REDIRECT_REDIRECT_PASSENGER_COMPILE_NATIVE_SUPPORT_BINARY 
"0"
REDIRECT_REDIRECT_PASSENGER_DOWNLOAD_NATIVE_SUPPORT_BINARY 
"0"
REDIRECT_REDIRECT_SCRIPT_URI 
"https://rct.dev.bbntimes.com/global-economy/talking-econometrics"
REDIRECT_REDIRECT_SCRIPT_URL 
"/global-economy/talking-econometrics"
REDIRECT_REDIRECT_SSL_TLS_SNI 
"rct.dev.bbntimes.com"
REDIRECT_REDIRECT_STATUS 
"200"
REDIRECT_REDIRECT_UNIQUE_ID 
"Z7mQDZDyWLT8YV1VjBpATQAAAIU"
REDIRECT_SCRIPT_URI 
"https://rct.dev.bbntimes.com/global-economy/talking-econometrics"
REDIRECT_SCRIPT_URL 
"/global-economy/talking-econometrics"
REDIRECT_SSL_TLS_SNI 
"rct.dev.bbntimes.com"
REDIRECT_STATUS 
"200"
REDIRECT_UNIQUE_ID 
"Z7mQDZDyWLT8YV1VjBpATQAAAIU"
REDIRECT_URL 
"/public/global-economy/talking-econometrics"
REMOTE_ADDR 
"3.131.98.117"
REMOTE_PORT 
"26710"
REQUEST_METHOD 
"GET"
REQUEST_SCHEME 
"https"
REQUEST_TIME 
1740214285
REQUEST_TIME_FLOAT 
1740214285.6092
REQUEST_URI 
"/global-economy/talking-econometrics"
SCRIPT_FILENAME 
"/var/www/vhosts/dev.bbntimes.com/rct.dev.bbntimes.com/public/index.php"
SCRIPT_NAME 
"/public/index.php"
SCRIPT_URI 
"https://rct.dev.bbntimes.com/global-economy/talking-econometrics"
SCRIPT_URL 
"/global-economy/talking-econometrics"
SERVER_ADDR 
"5.196.1.209"
SERVER_ADMIN 
"[no address given]"
SERVER_NAME 
"rct.dev.bbntimes.com"
SERVER_PORT 
"443"
SERVER_PROTOCOL 
"HTTP/1.1"
SERVER_SIGNATURE 
"<address>Apache Server at rct.dev.bbntimes.com Port 443</address>\n"
SERVER_SOFTWARE 
"Apache"
SSL_TLS_SNI 
"rct.dev.bbntimes.com"
SYMFONY_DOTENV_VARS 
"APP_ENV,APP_SECRET,DATABASE_URL,MARIADB_PASSWORD,CORS_ALLOW_ORIGIN,MAILER_DSN,GOOGLE_RECAPTCHA_SECRET_KEY,GOOGLE_RECAPTCHA_SITE_KEY"
UNIQUE_ID 
"Z7mQDZDyWLT8YV1VjBpATQAAAIU"

Sub Requests 6

CookieController :: renderAnalysis (token = 140bd3)

Key Value
_controller 
"App\Controller\CookieController::renderAnalysis"
_format 
"html"
_locale 
"en"
_stopwatch_token 
"56748c"

AppController :: renderHeader (token = 1224f5)

Key Value
_controller 
"App\Controller\AppController::renderHeader"
_format 
"html"
_locale 
"en"
_stopwatch_token 
"c87d3f"
slug 
"home"

ArticleController :: trendingArticle (token = e29a5c)

Key Value
_controller 
"App\Controller\ArticleController::trendingArticle"
_format 
"html"
_locale 
"en"
_stopwatch_token 
"148bbc"
category 
"Global Economy"

ArticleController :: relatedArticles (token = d741df)

Key Value
_controller 
"App\Controller\ArticleController::relatedArticles"
_format 
"html"
_locale 
"en"
_stopwatch_token 
"53173b"
current_article 
App\Entity\Article {#1094
  -id: 11575
  -title: "Talking Econometrics"
  -slug: "talking-econometrics"
  -introtext: "<p>So let’s say for the sake of argument that you’re already interested in econometrics–which is to say how quantitative research in economics is actually done.</p>\r\n"
  -content: """
    \r\n
    <p>Then all I really need to say to you is that&nbsp;<a href="https://mru.org/nobel-conversations" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Isaiah Andrews has a set of four interviews with Joshua Angrist and Guido Imbens, ranging in length from 10-20 minutes each over at Marginal Revolution University</a>.</p>\r\n
    <p>If you don’t know the names, here’s a brief introduction.&nbsp;<a href="https://conversableeconomist.com/2021/10/11/a-economics-nobel-prize-for-causality-angrist-card-and-imbens/" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Angrist and Imbens, along with David Card, shared the most recent Nobel prize in economics</a>. The prize specified that Angrist and Imbens were honored&nbsp;<a href="https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/economic-sciences/2021/summary/" target="_blank" rel="noopener">“for their methodological contributions to the analysis of causal relationships.”</a></p>\r\n
    <p>For a sense of how Angrist thinks about these causality issues, here are a couple of useful starting points in the Journal of Economic Perspectives (where I work as Managing Editor):</p>\r\n
    <ul>\r\n
    <li>\r\n
    <p><a href="https://www.aeaweb.org/articles?id=10.1257/jep.24.2.3" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Angrist, Joshua D., and Jörn-Steffen Pischke.&nbsp;2010.&nbsp;“The Credibility Revolution in Empirical Economics: How Better Research Design Is Taking the Con out of Econometrics.”&nbsp;<em>Journal of Economic Perspectives</em>,&nbsp;24 (2): 3-30.</a></p>\r\n
    </li>\r\n
    <li>\r\n
    <p><a href="https://www.aeaweb.org/articles?id=10.1257/jep.31.2.125" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Angrist, Joshua D., and Jörn-Steffen Pischke.&nbsp;2017.&nbsp;“Undergraduate Econometrics Instruction: Through Our Classes, Darkly.”&nbsp;<em>Journal of Economic Perspectives</em>,&nbsp;31 (2): 125-44.</a></p>\r\n
    </li>\r\n
    </ul>\r\n
    <p>For a couple of examples of work by Guido Imbens in JEP, see:</p>\r\n
    <ul>\r\n
    <li>\r\n
    <p><a href="https://www.aeaweb.org/articles?id=10.1257/jep.35.3.157" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Imbens, Guido W.&nbsp;2021.&nbsp;“Statistical Significance,&nbsp;<em>p</em>-Values, and the Reporting of Uncertainty.”&nbsp;<em>Journal of Economic Perspectives</em>,&nbsp;35 (3): 157-74.</a></p>\r\n
    </li>\r\n
    <li>\r\n
    <p><a href="https://www.aeaweb.org/articles?id=10.1257/jep.31.2.3" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Athey, Susan, and Guido W. Imbens.&nbsp;2017.&nbsp;“The State of Applied Econometrics: Causality and Policy Evaluation.”&nbsp;<em>Journal of Economic Perspectives</em>,&nbsp;31 (2): 3-32.</a></p>\r\n
    </li>\r\n
    </ul>\r\n
    <p>The guy who is interviewing Angrist and Imbens, Isaiah Andrews, won the John Bates Clark medal in 2021, which is awarded each year “to that American economist under the age of forty who is judged to have made the most significant contribution to economic thought and knowledge,” for&nbsp;<a href="https://www.aeaweb.org/about-aea/honors-awards/bates-clark/isaiah-andrews" target="_blank" rel="noopener">“contributions to econometric theory and empirical practice.”</a>&nbsp;<a href="https://www.aeaweb.org/articles?id=10.1257/jep.36.1.177" target="_blank" rel="noopener">An overview of his work in the Winter 2022 issue of JEP</a>&nbsp;is here.</p>\r\n
    <p>These really are conversations between Andrews, Angrist, and Imbens, not lectures. No powerpoint presentations or equations are used! No proof is involved. It’s just a chance to hear these folks talk about their field and more broadly how they see economics.</p>
    """
  -user: Proxies\__CG__\App\Entity\User {#1092 …}
  -createdAt: DateTime @1652707506 {#1145
    date: 2022-05-16 13:25:06.0 UTC (+00:00)
  }
  -updatedAt: DateTime @1652707983 {#1150
    date: 2022-05-16 13:33:03.0 UTC (+00:00)
  }
  -deletedAt: null
  -category: App\Entity\Category {#445 …}
  -status: "published"
  -imageCard: Proxies\__CG__\App\Entity\File {#1184 …}
  -ImageHeader: Proxies\__CG__\App\Entity\File {#1184 …}
  -featured: false
  -mainView: false
  -clicks: 1324
  -comments: Doctrine\ORM\PersistentCollection {#1125 …}
  -reviewed_at: DateTime @1652707506 {#1148
    date: 2022-05-16 13:25:06.0 UTC (+00:00)
  }
  -metakey: "Talking Econometrics"
  -metadesc: "So let’s say for the sake of argument that you’re already interested in econometrics–which is to say how quantitative research in economics is actually done."
  -robots: null
  -publishedAt: DateTime @1652707506 {#1147
    date: 2022-05-16 13:25:06.0 UTC (+00:00)
  }
  -canonical: null
  -superTag: null
}

AppController :: renderFooter (token = 8f8da8)

Key Value
_controller 
"App\Controller\AppController::renderFooter"
_format 
"html"
_locale 
"en"
_stopwatch_token 
"6061b4"

CookieController :: renderCookie (token = 7271fc)

Key Value
_controller 
"App\Controller\CookieController::renderCookie"
_format 
"html"
_locale 
"en"
_stopwatch_token 
"7e00fa"