GET https://rct.dev.bbntimes.com/global-economy/abhijit-banerjee-on-coaching-the-poor

Response
200 OK
IP
18.191.116.31
Profiled on
Token
7d6e6a

ArticleController :: show

Request

GET Parameters

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POST Parameters

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Uploaded Files

None

Request Attributes

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accept 
"*/*"
accept-encoding 
"gzip, br, zstd, deflate"
connection 
"close"
cookie 
"PHPSESSID=hsitcoeg22ag640sgmq7u70gn0"
host 
"rct.dev.bbntimes.com"
user-agent 
"Mozilla/5.0 AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko; compatible; ClaudeBot/1.0; +claudebot@anthropic.com)"
x-php-ob-level 
"1"

Request Content

Request content not available (it was retrieved as a resource).

Response

Response Headers

Header Value
cache-control 
"no-cache, private"
content-type 
"text/html; charset=UTF-8"
date 
"Sat, 22 Feb 2025 13:22:27 GMT"
link 
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Cookies

Request Cookies

Key Value
PHPSESSID 
"hsitcoeg22ag640sgmq7u70gn0"

Response Cookies

No response cookies

Session 6

Session Metadata

Key Value
Created 
"Sat, 22 Feb 25 13:22:26 +0000"
Last used 
"Sat, 22 Feb 25 13:22:26 +0000"
Lifetime 
0

Session Attributes

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Session Usage

6 Usages
Stateless check enabled
Usage
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Symfony\Component\Security\Csrf\TokenStorage\SessionTokenStorage:79
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Symfony\Component\Security\Csrf\TokenStorage\SessionTokenStorage:52
Show trace 
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Show trace 
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    "function" => "show"
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    "type" => "->"
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    "file" => "/var/www/vhosts/dev.bbntimes.com/rct.dev.bbntimes.com/vendor/symfony/http-kernel/HttpKernel.php"
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    "function" => "handleRaw"
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    "type" => "->"
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    "line" => 197
    "function" => "handle"
    "class" => "Symfony\Component\HttpKernel\HttpKernel"
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    "file" => "/var/www/vhosts/dev.bbntimes.com/rct.dev.bbntimes.com/vendor/symfony/runtime/Runner/Symfony/HttpKernelRunner.php"
    "line" => 35
    "function" => "handle"
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    "type" => "->"
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  [
    "file" => "/var/www/vhosts/dev.bbntimes.com/rct.dev.bbntimes.com/vendor/autoload_runtime.php"
    "line" => 29
    "function" => "run"
    "class" => "Symfony\Component\Runtime\Runner\Symfony\HttpKernelRunner"
    "type" => "->"
  ]
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    "file" => "/var/www/vhosts/dev.bbntimes.com/rct.dev.bbntimes.com/public/index.php"
    "line" => 5
    "args" => [
      "/var/www/vhosts/dev.bbntimes.com/rct.dev.bbntimes.com/vendor/autoload_runtime.php"
    ]
    "function" => "require_once"
  ]
]
Symfony\Component\Security\Core\Authentication\Token\Storage\UsageTrackingTokenStorage:41
Show trace 
[
  [
    "file" => "/var/www/vhosts/dev.bbntimes.com/rct.dev.bbntimes.com/vendor/symfony/security-core/Authentication/Token/Storage/UsageTrackingTokenStorage.php"
    "line" => 41
    "function" => "getMetadataBag"
    "class" => "Symfony\Component\HttpFoundation\Session\Session"
    "type" => "->"
  ]
  [
    "file" => "/var/www/vhosts/dev.bbntimes.com/rct.dev.bbntimes.com/vendor/symfony/twig-bridge/AppVariable.php"
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    "function" => "getToken"
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    "function" => "twig_get_attribute"
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    "function" => "render"
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    "line" => 453
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  [
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    "function" => "show"
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    "function" => "handleRaw"
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    "type" => "->"
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    "function" => "handle"
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    "function" => "run"
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  [
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    "line" => 5
    "args" => [
      "/var/www/vhosts/dev.bbntimes.com/rct.dev.bbntimes.com/vendor/autoload_runtime.php"
    ]
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]
Symfony\Component\Security\Http\Firewall\ContextListener:171
Show trace 
[
  [
    "file" => "/var/www/vhosts/dev.bbntimes.com/rct.dev.bbntimes.com/vendor/symfony/security-http/Firewall/ContextListener.php"
    "line" => 171
    "function" => "remove"
    "class" => "Symfony\Component\HttpFoundation\Session\Session"
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  ]
  [
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    "line" => 116
    "function" => "onKernelResponse"
    "class" => "Symfony\Component\Security\Http\Firewall\ContextListener"
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  ]
  [
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    "line" => 220
    "function" => "__invoke"
    "class" => "Symfony\Component\EventDispatcher\Debug\WrappedListener"
    "type" => "->"
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  [
    "file" => "/var/www/vhosts/dev.bbntimes.com/rct.dev.bbntimes.com/vendor/symfony/event-dispatcher/EventDispatcher.php"
    "line" => 56
    "function" => "callListeners"
    "class" => "Symfony\Component\EventDispatcher\EventDispatcher"
    "type" => "->"
  ]
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    "function" => "dispatch"
    "class" => "Symfony\Component\EventDispatcher\EventDispatcher"
    "type" => "->"
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  [
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    "line" => 202
    "function" => "filterResponse"
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]

Flashes

Flashes

No flash messages were created.

Server Parameters

Server Parameters

Defined in .env

Key Value
APP_ENV 
"dev"
APP_SECRET 
"0a988e63f011514eaabfc650b599af4d"
CORS_ALLOW_ORIGIN 
"*"
DATABASE_URL 
"mysql://bbndb_rctuser:33F5W25z40or0f7@localhost:3306/rct_bbntimes"
GOOGLE_RECAPTCHA_SECRET_KEY 
"6LdV5fgpAAAAANxzTG8ZMfIjil1wu-1vrQvnUt-x"
GOOGLE_RECAPTCHA_SITE_KEY 
"6LdV5fgpAAAAAENKcn73MJAhQrbtQeqgyC4wDLMP"
MAILER_DSN 
"smtp://no-reply%40rct.dev.bbntimes.com:Bl6%26gLD48%26Of919@rct.dev.bbntimes.com:465"
MARIADB_PASSWORD 
"i!87pK&!85ezc8"

Defined as regular env variables

Key Value
APP_DEBUG 
"1"
BASE 
"/public"
CONTEXT_DOCUMENT_ROOT 
"/var/www/vhosts/dev.bbntimes.com/rct.dev.bbntimes.com"
CONTEXT_PREFIX 
""
DOCUMENT_ROOT 
"/var/www/vhosts/dev.bbntimes.com/rct.dev.bbntimes.com"
FCGI_ROLE 
"RESPONDER"
GATEWAY_INTERFACE 
"CGI/1.1"
HTTPS 
"on"
HTTP_ACCEPT 
"*/*"
HTTP_ACCEPT_ENCODING 
"gzip, br, zstd, deflate"
HTTP_CONNECTION 
"close"
HTTP_COOKIE 
"PHPSESSID=hsitcoeg22ag640sgmq7u70gn0"
HTTP_HOST 
"rct.dev.bbntimes.com"
HTTP_USER_AGENT 
"Mozilla/5.0 AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko; compatible; ClaudeBot/1.0; +claudebot@anthropic.com)"
PASSENGER_COMPILE_NATIVE_SUPPORT_BINARY 
"0"
PASSENGER_DOWNLOAD_NATIVE_SUPPORT_BINARY 
"0"
PATH 
"/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/sbin:/bin:/snap/bin"
PHP_SELF 
"/public/index.php"
PP_CUSTOM_PHP_CGI_INDEX 
"plesk-php81-fastcgi"
PP_CUSTOM_PHP_INI 
"/var/www/vhosts/system/rct.dev.bbntimes.com/etc/php.ini"
QUERY_STRING 
""
REDIRECT_BASE 
"/public"
REDIRECT_HTTPS 
"on"
REDIRECT_PASSENGER_COMPILE_NATIVE_SUPPORT_BINARY 
"0"
REDIRECT_PASSENGER_DOWNLOAD_NATIVE_SUPPORT_BINARY 
"0"
REDIRECT_REDIRECT_HTTPS 
"on"
REDIRECT_REDIRECT_PASSENGER_COMPILE_NATIVE_SUPPORT_BINARY 
"0"
REDIRECT_REDIRECT_PASSENGER_DOWNLOAD_NATIVE_SUPPORT_BINARY 
"0"
REDIRECT_REDIRECT_SCRIPT_URI 
"https://rct.dev.bbntimes.com/global-economy/abhijit-banerjee-on-coaching-the-poor"
REDIRECT_REDIRECT_SCRIPT_URL 
"/global-economy/abhijit-banerjee-on-coaching-the-poor"
REDIRECT_REDIRECT_SSL_TLS_SNI 
"rct.dev.bbntimes.com"
REDIRECT_REDIRECT_STATUS 
"200"
REDIRECT_REDIRECT_UNIQUE_ID 
"Z7nPkriBoyj8JZ8-HGyAdQAAAAQ"
REDIRECT_SCRIPT_URI 
"https://rct.dev.bbntimes.com/global-economy/abhijit-banerjee-on-coaching-the-poor"
REDIRECT_SCRIPT_URL 
"/global-economy/abhijit-banerjee-on-coaching-the-poor"
REDIRECT_SSL_TLS_SNI 
"rct.dev.bbntimes.com"
REDIRECT_STATUS 
"200"
REDIRECT_UNIQUE_ID 
"Z7nPkriBoyj8JZ8-HGyAdQAAAAQ"
REDIRECT_URL 
"/public/global-economy/abhijit-banerjee-on-coaching-the-poor"
REMOTE_ADDR 
"18.191.116.31"
REMOTE_PORT 
"59097"
REQUEST_METHOD 
"GET"
REQUEST_SCHEME 
"https"
REQUEST_TIME 
1740230546
REQUEST_TIME_FLOAT 
1740230546.7399
REQUEST_URI 
"/global-economy/abhijit-banerjee-on-coaching-the-poor"
SCRIPT_FILENAME 
"/var/www/vhosts/dev.bbntimes.com/rct.dev.bbntimes.com/public/index.php"
SCRIPT_NAME 
"/public/index.php"
SCRIPT_URI 
"https://rct.dev.bbntimes.com/global-economy/abhijit-banerjee-on-coaching-the-poor"
SCRIPT_URL 
"/global-economy/abhijit-banerjee-on-coaching-the-poor"
SERVER_ADDR 
"5.196.1.209"
SERVER_ADMIN 
"[no address given]"
SERVER_NAME 
"rct.dev.bbntimes.com"
SERVER_PORT 
"443"
SERVER_PROTOCOL 
"HTTP/1.1"
SERVER_SIGNATURE 
"<address>Apache Server at rct.dev.bbntimes.com Port 443</address>\n"
SERVER_SOFTWARE 
"Apache"
SSL_TLS_SNI 
"rct.dev.bbntimes.com"
SYMFONY_DOTENV_VARS 
"APP_ENV,APP_SECRET,DATABASE_URL,MARIADB_PASSWORD,CORS_ALLOW_ORIGIN,MAILER_DSN,GOOGLE_RECAPTCHA_SECRET_KEY,GOOGLE_RECAPTCHA_SITE_KEY"
UNIQUE_ID 
"Z7nPkriBoyj8JZ8-HGyAdQAAAAQ"

Sub Requests 6

CookieController :: renderAnalysis (token = 8b14c9)

Key Value
_controller 
"App\Controller\CookieController::renderAnalysis"
_format 
"html"
_locale 
"en"
_stopwatch_token 
"ef2513"

AppController :: renderHeader (token = 2869cf)

Key Value
_controller 
"App\Controller\AppController::renderHeader"
_format 
"html"
_locale 
"en"
_stopwatch_token 
"85d52d"
slug 
"home"

ArticleController :: trendingArticle (token = e45d5b)

Key Value
_controller 
"App\Controller\ArticleController::trendingArticle"
_format 
"html"
_locale 
"en"
_stopwatch_token 
"faacf3"
category 
"Global Economy"

ArticleController :: relatedArticles (token = 6d3598)

Key Value
_controller 
"App\Controller\ArticleController::relatedArticles"
_format 
"html"
_locale 
"en"
_stopwatch_token 
"14273c"
current_article 
App\Entity\Article {#1094
  -id: 5347
  -title: "Abhijit Banerjee on Coaching the Poor"
  -slug: "abhijit-banerjee-on-coaching-the-poor"
  -introtext: "<p class="p2"><span class="s1" style="color: #000000;">Tyler Cowen has conducted one of his thought-provoking and entertaining interviews in "<span style="color: #808080;"><a style="color: #808080;" href="https://medium.com/conversations-with-tyler/abhijit-banerjee-tyler-cowen-economics-markets-ceda4b520b62"><span class="s2">Abhijit Banerjee on Theory, Practice, and India"</span></a></span>&nbsp;(Medium.com, December 30, 2019, both podcast and transcript available). Among his other accomplishments,&nbsp;<a style="color: #000000;" href="http://conversableeconomist.blogspot.com/2019/10/a-nobel-for-experimental-approach-to.html"><span class="s2"><span style="color: #808080;">Banerjee was of course most recently a co-winner of the Nobel prize in economics</span>&nbsp;</span></a>last fall. The interview is worth consuming in full. As it says in the overview:</span></p>\r\n"
  -content: """
    \r\n
    <p class="p2"><span class="s1" style="color: #000000;">Abhijit joined Tyler to discuss his unique approach to economics, including thoughts on premature deindustrialization, the intrinsic weakness of any charter city, where the best classical Indian music is being made today, why he prefers making Indian sweets to French sweets, the influence of English intellectual life in India, the history behind Bengali leftism, the best Indian regional cuisine, why experimental economics is underrated, the reforms he’d make to traditional graduate economics training, how his mother’s passion inspires his research, how many consumer loyalty programs he’s joined, and more.&nbsp;</span></p>\r\n
    <p class="p3"><span class="s3" style="color: #000000;">Here, I'll just reproduce one exchange on the subject of how a combination of cash transfers to the poor combined with coaching and training has had high returns in low-income countries.</span></p>\r\n
    <p class="p3"><span class="s3" style="color: #000000;">COWEN: You have a&nbsp;<span style="color: #808080;"><a style="color: #808080;" href="https://science.sciencemag.org/content/348/6236/1260799/tab-figures-data"><span class="s4">2015 Science paper</span></a></span>&nbsp;with Esther [Duflo], Dean Karlan, some other coauthors about how cash transfers to the poor, combined with training and coaching, have very high rates of return, over 100 percent, up to 433 percent. What exactly do you think the coaching is adding in those RCTs [randomized control trials]?</span></p>\r\n
    <p class="p3"><span class="s3" style="color: #000000;">BANERJEE: ... [W]e’ve actually done it without the coaching ... in Ghana, and it doesn’t work. So we are reasonably confident that the coaching is doing something interesting. I wouldn’t say it does it necessarily for everybody, but the people targeted in this are the poorest of the poor. They’re among the poor.</span></p>\r\n
    <p class="p3"><span class="s3" style="color: #000000;">And for them, I think confidence is an enormous issue because they’ve never actually done anything in their life successfully. They’ve been living hand to mouth, usually begging from people, getting some help. What that does to your self-confidence, your sense of who you are — I think those things, we haven’t even documented how brutal it is. People will treat you with a little bit of contempt. They might help you, but they treat you with a little bit of contempt as well.&nbsp;</span></p>\r\n
    <p class="p3"><span class="s3" style="color: #000000;">This is the kind of people — at least the one that I was a big part of studying was the one in India and also one in Ghana. Especially the one in Bengal. These women — they were living in places where nobody should live. One said, “Oh, we get snakes all the time.” Another one said, “I’m now vending knickknacks in the village,” basically kind of cheap jewelry, that cheap stone jewelry or plastic jewelry.&nbsp; “Before the people from this NGO showed me where the market was to buy wholesale, I had never taken a bus, so I had no idea how to go there. They had to literally put me on a bus, show me where to get off. And it took a couple of times because I had never taken a bus. I couldn’t read, so if it’s a number X bus number, I don’t know what X is, so how would I know I’m getting on the right bus?”</span></p>\r\n
    <p class="p3"><span class="s3" style="color: #000000;">All of these things are new. If you start from a place where you really never had a chance, I think it’s useful to have some confidence building. You can do it too. There’s nothing difficult about it.</span></p>\r\n
    <p class="p3"><span class="s3" style="color: #000000;">COWEN: Do you think the coaching almost serves as a kind of placebo? You don’t have to teach them so much, but just show that someone else has confidence in them?</span></p>\r\n
    <p class="p3"><span class="s3" style="color: #000000;">BANERJEE: That’s an interesting question. I think it’s a bit more than that. It’s also saying, “You can do it, and here are the steps.” Turning things into a set of processes is important. Otherwise, it looks like an unlikely proposition that I can do it. I’ve never done it. I’ve never bought and sold things. In fact, I’ve never sold anything, and how do I do it?</span></p>\r\n
    <p class="p3"><span class="s3" style="color: #000000;">It’s a bit more than that. Turning things into process is important also, that here is how you get on a bus. You go there, you pay this much money, they give you something, you bring it back. One of the things they are doing is also turning it into a set of procedural steps, which is very different from saying, “Go do that.”</span></p>\r\n
    <p class="p3"><span class="s3" style="color: #000000;">COWEN: How scalable do you think the coaching is?</span></p>\r\n
    <p class="p3"><span class="s3" style="color: #000000;">BANERJEE: Scalable? I don’t think it’s difficult. One thing this organization does well is it teaches people to be quite sympathetic. The one we worked with in Bengal, the one I know well, the people we worked with were basically able to be sympathetic. ...</span></p>\r\n
    <p class="p3"><span class="s3" style="color: #000000;">Lots of people work for NGOs, after all. And they are often people who want to do things for the world, who are positive people, so I don’t imagine it being that difficult. It will require investment in training a particular kind of person, but I don’t know that it’s any different from training somebody for collecting money in a microfinance organization. It’s the same level of skill, the same kind of person, same set of places we did this people will come out of.</span></p>\r\n
    <p class="p3"><span class="s3" style="color: #000000;">COWEN: This seemed to work in six countries: Ethiopia, Ghana, Honduras, India, Pakistan, Peru, as you well know. Why isn’t the whole world doing this?</span></p>\r\n
    <p class="p3"><span class="s3" style="color: #000000;">BANERJEE: I think lots of people are. Somebody told me 43 different countries — they’re experimenting with it. I think this is the next stage, where we’re a bit proselytizers for this, and we get called in.</span></p>\r\n
    <p class="p3"><span class="s3" style="color: #000000;">But actually, the story is kind of doing the rounds of the governments. Many state governments in India now want to just do it, and that’s my exposure. In fact, today we were a part of a long email exchange on exactly how it should be done in the state of Orissa in the east of India that wants to do it. I think it’s having some traction.</span></p>\r\n
    <p class="p2"><span class="s1" style="color: #000000;">The idea that poor people can develop a greater ability to change their lives by being shown each step in a process of&nbsp; how to get somewhere, how to apply for a job, and how to do a job seems important to me. It's interesting to speculate on what such coaching might look like in the US and other high-income countries. Also, you don't have to have outside trainers coach everyone: if the process works, then peer groups can readily pass it along.&nbsp;</span></p>\r\n
    <p class="p4"><span class="s1" style="color: #000000;">A version of this article first appeared on <a href="http://conversableeconomist.blogspot.com/2020/01/abhijit-banerjee-on-coaching-poor.html" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Conversable Economist</a>.&nbsp;</span></p>
    """
  -user: Proxies\__CG__\App\Entity\User {#1092 …}
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    date: 2020-01-08 08:10:53.0 UTC (+00:00)
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  -updatedAt: DateTime @1578474107 {#1150
    date: 2020-01-08 09:01:47.0 UTC (+00:00)
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  -deletedAt: null
  -category: App\Entity\Category {#445 …}
  -status: "published"
  -imageCard: Proxies\__CG__\App\Entity\File {#1184 …}
  -ImageHeader: Proxies\__CG__\App\Entity\File {#1184 …}
  -featured: false
  -mainView: false
  -clicks: 3382
  -comments: Doctrine\ORM\PersistentCollection {#1125 …}
  -reviewed_at: DateTime @1578471053 {#1148
    date: 2020-01-08 08:10:53.0 UTC (+00:00)
  }
  -metakey: ""
  -metadesc: "Tyler Cowen has conducted one of his thought-provoking and entertaining interviews in "Abhijit Banerjee on Theory, Practice, and India"\u{A0}(Medium.com, December 30, 2019, both podcast and transcript available). Among his other accomplishments,\u{A0}Banerjee was of course most recently a co-winner of the Nobel prize in economics\u{A0}last fall."
  -robots: null
  -publishedAt: DateTime @1578471053 {#1147
    date: 2020-01-08 08:10:53.0 UTC (+00:00)
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AppController :: renderFooter (token = cf53b5)

Key Value
_controller 
"App\Controller\AppController::renderFooter"
_format 
"html"
_locale 
"en"
_stopwatch_token 
"91dd27"

CookieController :: renderCookie (token = ab9c2c)

Key Value
_controller 
"App\Controller\CookieController::renderCookie"
_format 
"html"
_locale 
"en"
_stopwatch_token 
"4b99f1"