GET https://rct.dev.bbntimes.com/financial/robinhood-reiterates-costs-of-centralization-defi-offer-a-different-path

Response
200 OK
IP
3.145.168.157
Profiled on
Token
95d08a

ArticleController :: show

Request

GET Parameters

None

POST Parameters

None

Uploaded Files

None

Request Attributes

Key Value
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"App\Controller\ArticleController::show"
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"security.firewall.map.context.main"
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Symfony\Component\WebLink\GenericLinkProvider {#3619
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    }
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      -attributes: [
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      -attributes: [
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    3727 => Symfony\Component\WebLink\Link {#3727
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"article_show"
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[
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]
_security_firewall_run 
"_security_main"
_stopwatch_token 
"43dc4a"
category 
"financial"
slug 
"robinhood-reiterates-costs-of-centralization-defi-offer-a-different-path"

Request Headers

Header Value
accept 
"*/*"
accept-encoding 
"gzip, br, zstd, deflate"
connection 
"close"
cookie 
"PHPSESSID=vvvoq1kg4u8h50d4olkhoetqer"
host 
"rct.dev.bbntimes.com"
user-agent 
"Mozilla/5.0 AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko; compatible; ClaudeBot/1.0; +claudebot@anthropic.com)"
x-php-ob-level 
"1"

Request Content

Request content not available (it was retrieved as a resource).

Response

Response Headers

Header Value
cache-control 
"no-cache, private"
content-type 
"text/html; charset=UTF-8"
date 
"Wed, 16 Apr 2025 07:41:11 GMT"
link 
"</build/runtime.js>; rel="preload"; as="script",</build/644.js>; rel="preload"; as="script",</build/502.js>; rel="preload"; as="script",</build/app.js>; rel="preload"; as="script",</build/view-more.js>; rel="preload"; as="script",</build/term-condition.js>; rel="preload"; as="script",</build/contact.js>; rel="preload"; as="script",</build/scroll-infinite-article.js>; rel="preload"; as="script",</build/app.css>; rel="preload"; as="style",</build/cookie-style.css>; rel="preload"; as="style",</build/term-condition-css.css>; rel="preload"; as="style",</build/contact-css.css>; rel="preload"; as="style",</build/comment-css.css>; rel="preload"; as="style""
x-debug-token 
"95d08a"

Cookies

Request Cookies

Key Value
PHPSESSID 
"vvvoq1kg4u8h50d4olkhoetqer"

Response Cookies

No response cookies

Session 6

Session Metadata

Key Value
Created 
"Wed, 16 Apr 25 07:39:46 +0000"
Last used 
"Wed, 16 Apr 25 07:41:09 +0000"
Lifetime 
0

Session Attributes

Attribute Value
_csrf/https-comment 
"6o2HUsoKtKODN4-LfuomFAtPByHxurH77KUbyr1Eye8"
_csrf/https-cookie_accept 
"BY4mswFazPatu2hEaSVyb9S9_Gv9_cs6bWaAX0pncVQ"

Session Usage

6 Usages
Stateless check enabled
Usage
Symfony\Component\Security\Csrf\TokenStorage\SessionTokenStorage:76
Show trace 
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Symfony\Component\Security\Csrf\TokenStorage\SessionTokenStorage:79
Show trace 
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Symfony\Component\Security\Csrf\TokenStorage\SessionTokenStorage:52
Show trace 
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Symfony\Component\Security\Csrf\TokenStorage\SessionTokenStorage:56
Show trace 
[
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    "file" => "/var/www/vhosts/dev.bbntimes.com/rct.dev.bbntimes.com/vendor/symfony/http-kernel/HttpKernel.php"
    "line" => 181
    "function" => "show"
    "class" => "App\Controller\ArticleController"
    "type" => "->"
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  [
    "file" => "/var/www/vhosts/dev.bbntimes.com/rct.dev.bbntimes.com/vendor/symfony/http-kernel/HttpKernel.php"
    "line" => 76
    "function" => "handleRaw"
    "class" => "Symfony\Component\HttpKernel\HttpKernel"
    "type" => "->"
  ]
  [
    "file" => "/var/www/vhosts/dev.bbntimes.com/rct.dev.bbntimes.com/vendor/symfony/http-kernel/Kernel.php"
    "line" => 197
    "function" => "handle"
    "class" => "Symfony\Component\HttpKernel\HttpKernel"
    "type" => "->"
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  [
    "file" => "/var/www/vhosts/dev.bbntimes.com/rct.dev.bbntimes.com/vendor/symfony/runtime/Runner/Symfony/HttpKernelRunner.php"
    "line" => 35
    "function" => "handle"
    "class" => "Symfony\Component\HttpKernel\Kernel"
    "type" => "->"
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  [
    "file" => "/var/www/vhosts/dev.bbntimes.com/rct.dev.bbntimes.com/vendor/autoload_runtime.php"
    "line" => 29
    "function" => "run"
    "class" => "Symfony\Component\Runtime\Runner\Symfony\HttpKernelRunner"
    "type" => "->"
  ]
  [
    "file" => "/var/www/vhosts/dev.bbntimes.com/rct.dev.bbntimes.com/public/index.php"
    "line" => 5
    "args" => [
      "/var/www/vhosts/dev.bbntimes.com/rct.dev.bbntimes.com/vendor/autoload_runtime.php"
    ]
    "function" => "require_once"
  ]
]
Symfony\Component\Security\Core\Authentication\Token\Storage\UsageTrackingTokenStorage:41
Show trace 
[
  [
    "file" => "/var/www/vhosts/dev.bbntimes.com/rct.dev.bbntimes.com/vendor/symfony/security-core/Authentication/Token/Storage/UsageTrackingTokenStorage.php"
    "line" => 41
    "function" => "getMetadataBag"
    "class" => "Symfony\Component\HttpFoundation\Session\Session"
    "type" => "->"
  ]
  [
    "file" => "/var/www/vhosts/dev.bbntimes.com/rct.dev.bbntimes.com/vendor/symfony/twig-bridge/AppVariable.php"
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    "function" => "getToken"
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    "function" => "twig_get_attribute"
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    "function" => "renderHeader"
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  [
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    "function" => "handle"
    "class" => "Symfony\Component\HttpKernel\HttpKernel"
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  [
    "file" => "/var/www/vhosts/dev.bbntimes.com/rct.dev.bbntimes.com/vendor/symfony/http-kernel/Fragment/InlineFragmentRenderer.php"
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    "file" => "/var/www/vhosts/dev.bbntimes.com/rct.dev.bbntimes.com/vendor/twig/twig/src/TemplateWrapper.php"
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    "class" => "Twig\Environment"
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    "line" => 453
    "function" => "doRenderView"
    "class" => "Symfony\Bundle\FrameworkBundle\Controller\AbstractController"
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    "line" => 253
    "function" => "doRender"
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  [
    "file" => "/var/www/vhosts/dev.bbntimes.com/rct.dev.bbntimes.com/src/Controller/ArticleController.php"
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    "function" => "render"
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    "file" => "/var/www/vhosts/dev.bbntimes.com/rct.dev.bbntimes.com/vendor/symfony/http-kernel/HttpKernel.php"
    "line" => 181
    "function" => "show"
    "class" => "App\Controller\ArticleController"
    "type" => "->"
  ]
  [
    "file" => "/var/www/vhosts/dev.bbntimes.com/rct.dev.bbntimes.com/vendor/symfony/http-kernel/HttpKernel.php"
    "line" => 76
    "function" => "handleRaw"
    "class" => "Symfony\Component\HttpKernel\HttpKernel"
    "type" => "->"
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  [
    "file" => "/var/www/vhosts/dev.bbntimes.com/rct.dev.bbntimes.com/vendor/symfony/http-kernel/Kernel.php"
    "line" => 197
    "function" => "handle"
    "class" => "Symfony\Component\HttpKernel\HttpKernel"
    "type" => "->"
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  [
    "file" => "/var/www/vhosts/dev.bbntimes.com/rct.dev.bbntimes.com/vendor/symfony/runtime/Runner/Symfony/HttpKernelRunner.php"
    "line" => 35
    "function" => "handle"
    "class" => "Symfony\Component\HttpKernel\Kernel"
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  [
    "file" => "/var/www/vhosts/dev.bbntimes.com/rct.dev.bbntimes.com/vendor/autoload_runtime.php"
    "line" => 29
    "function" => "run"
    "class" => "Symfony\Component\Runtime\Runner\Symfony\HttpKernelRunner"
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  [
    "file" => "/var/www/vhosts/dev.bbntimes.com/rct.dev.bbntimes.com/public/index.php"
    "line" => 5
    "args" => [
      "/var/www/vhosts/dev.bbntimes.com/rct.dev.bbntimes.com/vendor/autoload_runtime.php"
    ]
    "function" => "require_once"
  ]
]
Symfony\Component\Security\Http\Firewall\ContextListener:171
Show trace 
[
  [
    "file" => "/var/www/vhosts/dev.bbntimes.com/rct.dev.bbntimes.com/vendor/symfony/security-http/Firewall/ContextListener.php"
    "line" => 171
    "function" => "remove"
    "class" => "Symfony\Component\HttpFoundation\Session\Session"
    "type" => "->"
  ]
  [
    "file" => "/var/www/vhosts/dev.bbntimes.com/rct.dev.bbntimes.com/vendor/symfony/event-dispatcher/Debug/WrappedListener.php"
    "line" => 116
    "function" => "onKernelResponse"
    "class" => "Symfony\Component\Security\Http\Firewall\ContextListener"
    "type" => "->"
  ]
  [
    "file" => "/var/www/vhosts/dev.bbntimes.com/rct.dev.bbntimes.com/vendor/symfony/event-dispatcher/EventDispatcher.php"
    "line" => 220
    "function" => "__invoke"
    "class" => "Symfony\Component\EventDispatcher\Debug\WrappedListener"
    "type" => "->"
  ]
  [
    "file" => "/var/www/vhosts/dev.bbntimes.com/rct.dev.bbntimes.com/vendor/symfony/event-dispatcher/EventDispatcher.php"
    "line" => 56
    "function" => "callListeners"
    "class" => "Symfony\Component\EventDispatcher\EventDispatcher"
    "type" => "->"
  ]
  [
    "file" => "/var/www/vhosts/dev.bbntimes.com/rct.dev.bbntimes.com/vendor/symfony/event-dispatcher/Debug/TraceableEventDispatcher.php"
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    "function" => "dispatch"
    "class" => "Symfony\Component\EventDispatcher\EventDispatcher"
    "type" => "->"
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  [
    "file" => "/var/www/vhosts/dev.bbntimes.com/rct.dev.bbntimes.com/vendor/symfony/http-kernel/HttpKernel.php"
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    "function" => "dispatch"
    "class" => "Symfony\Component\EventDispatcher\Debug\TraceableEventDispatcher"
    "type" => "->"
  ]
  [
    "file" => "/var/www/vhosts/dev.bbntimes.com/rct.dev.bbntimes.com/vendor/symfony/http-kernel/HttpKernel.php"
    "line" => 202
    "function" => "filterResponse"
    "class" => "Symfony\Component\HttpKernel\HttpKernel"
    "type" => "->"
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    "file" => "/var/www/vhosts/dev.bbntimes.com/rct.dev.bbntimes.com/vendor/symfony/http-kernel/HttpKernel.php"
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    "function" => "handleRaw"
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]

Flashes

Flashes

No flash messages were created.

Server Parameters

Server Parameters

Defined in .env

Key Value
APP_ENV 
"dev"
APP_SECRET 
"0a988e63f011514eaabfc650b599af4d"
CORS_ALLOW_ORIGIN 
"*"
DATABASE_URL 
"mysql://bbndb_rctuser:33F5W25z40or0f7@localhost:3306/rct_bbntimes"
GOOGLE_RECAPTCHA_SECRET_KEY 
"6LdV5fgpAAAAANxzTG8ZMfIjil1wu-1vrQvnUt-x"
GOOGLE_RECAPTCHA_SITE_KEY 
"6LdV5fgpAAAAAENKcn73MJAhQrbtQeqgyC4wDLMP"
MAILER_DSN 
"smtp://no-reply%40rct.dev.bbntimes.com:Bl6%26gLD48%26Of919@rct.dev.bbntimes.com:465"
MARIADB_PASSWORD 
"i!87pK&!85ezc8"

Defined as regular env variables

Key Value
APP_DEBUG 
"1"
BASE 
"/public"
CONTEXT_DOCUMENT_ROOT 
"/var/www/vhosts/dev.bbntimes.com/rct.dev.bbntimes.com"
CONTEXT_PREFIX 
""
DOCUMENT_ROOT 
"/var/www/vhosts/dev.bbntimes.com/rct.dev.bbntimes.com"
FCGI_ROLE 
"RESPONDER"
GATEWAY_INTERFACE 
"CGI/1.1"
HTTPS 
"on"
HTTP_ACCEPT 
"*/*"
HTTP_ACCEPT_ENCODING 
"gzip, br, zstd, deflate"
HTTP_CONNECTION 
"close"
HTTP_COOKIE 
"PHPSESSID=vvvoq1kg4u8h50d4olkhoetqer"
HTTP_HOST 
"rct.dev.bbntimes.com"
HTTP_USER_AGENT 
"Mozilla/5.0 AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko; compatible; ClaudeBot/1.0; +claudebot@anthropic.com)"
PASSENGER_COMPILE_NATIVE_SUPPORT_BINARY 
"0"
PASSENGER_DOWNLOAD_NATIVE_SUPPORT_BINARY 
"0"
PATH 
"/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/sbin:/bin:/snap/bin"
PHP_SELF 
"/public/index.php"
PP_CUSTOM_PHP_CGI_INDEX 
"plesk-php81-fastcgi"
PP_CUSTOM_PHP_INI 
"/var/www/vhosts/system/rct.dev.bbntimes.com/etc/php.ini"
QUERY_STRING 
""
REDIRECT_BASE 
"/public"
REDIRECT_HTTPS 
"on"
REDIRECT_PASSENGER_COMPILE_NATIVE_SUPPORT_BINARY 
"0"
REDIRECT_PASSENGER_DOWNLOAD_NATIVE_SUPPORT_BINARY 
"0"
REDIRECT_REDIRECT_HTTPS 
"on"
REDIRECT_REDIRECT_PASSENGER_COMPILE_NATIVE_SUPPORT_BINARY 
"0"
REDIRECT_REDIRECT_PASSENGER_DOWNLOAD_NATIVE_SUPPORT_BINARY 
"0"
REDIRECT_REDIRECT_SCRIPT_URI 
"https://rct.dev.bbntimes.com/financial/robinhood-reiterates-costs-of-centralization-defi-offer-a-different-path"
REDIRECT_REDIRECT_SCRIPT_URL 
"/financial/robinhood-reiterates-costs-of-centralization-defi-offer-a-different-path"
REDIRECT_REDIRECT_SSL_TLS_SNI 
"rct.dev.bbntimes.com"
REDIRECT_REDIRECT_STATUS 
"200"
REDIRECT_REDIRECT_UNIQUE_ID 
"Z_9fFmge1xMBiYOLLKJaPwAAAEE"
REDIRECT_SCRIPT_URI 
"https://rct.dev.bbntimes.com/financial/robinhood-reiterates-costs-of-centralization-defi-offer-a-different-path"
REDIRECT_SCRIPT_URL 
"/financial/robinhood-reiterates-costs-of-centralization-defi-offer-a-different-path"
REDIRECT_SSL_TLS_SNI 
"rct.dev.bbntimes.com"
REDIRECT_STATUS 
"200"
REDIRECT_UNIQUE_ID 
"Z_9fFmge1xMBiYOLLKJaPwAAAEE"
REDIRECT_URL 
"/public/financial/robinhood-reiterates-costs-of-centralization-defi-offer-a-different-path"
REMOTE_ADDR 
"3.145.168.157"
REMOTE_PORT 
"46507"
REQUEST_METHOD 
"GET"
REQUEST_SCHEME 
"https"
REQUEST_TIME 
1744789270
REQUEST_TIME_FLOAT 
1744789270.6408
REQUEST_URI 
"/financial/robinhood-reiterates-costs-of-centralization-defi-offer-a-different-path"
SCRIPT_FILENAME 
"/var/www/vhosts/dev.bbntimes.com/rct.dev.bbntimes.com/public/index.php"
SCRIPT_NAME 
"/public/index.php"
SCRIPT_URI 
"https://rct.dev.bbntimes.com/financial/robinhood-reiterates-costs-of-centralization-defi-offer-a-different-path"
SCRIPT_URL 
"/financial/robinhood-reiterates-costs-of-centralization-defi-offer-a-different-path"
SERVER_ADDR 
"5.196.1.209"
SERVER_ADMIN 
"[no address given]"
SERVER_NAME 
"rct.dev.bbntimes.com"
SERVER_PORT 
"443"
SERVER_PROTOCOL 
"HTTP/1.1"
SERVER_SIGNATURE 
"<address>Apache Server at rct.dev.bbntimes.com Port 443</address>\n"
SERVER_SOFTWARE 
"Apache"
SSL_TLS_SNI 
"rct.dev.bbntimes.com"
SYMFONY_DOTENV_VARS 
"APP_ENV,APP_SECRET,DATABASE_URL,MARIADB_PASSWORD,CORS_ALLOW_ORIGIN,MAILER_DSN,GOOGLE_RECAPTCHA_SECRET_KEY,GOOGLE_RECAPTCHA_SITE_KEY"
UNIQUE_ID 
"Z_9fFmge1xMBiYOLLKJaPwAAAEE"

Sub Requests 6

CookieController :: renderAnalysis (token = 4e7f2e)

Key Value
_controller 
"App\Controller\CookieController::renderAnalysis"
_format 
"html"
_locale 
"en"
_stopwatch_token 
"4a3af7"

AppController :: renderHeader (token = 4c30dd)

Key Value
_controller 
"App\Controller\AppController::renderHeader"
_format 
"html"
_locale 
"en"
_stopwatch_token 
"e65fc5"
slug 
"home"

ArticleController :: trendingArticle (token = 43bc2d)

Key Value
_controller 
"App\Controller\ArticleController::trendingArticle"
_format 
"html"
_locale 
"en"
_stopwatch_token 
"2ee9c4"
category 
"Finance"

ArticleController :: relatedArticles (token = 899ded)

Key Value
_controller 
"App\Controller\ArticleController::relatedArticles"
_format 
"html"
_locale 
"en"
_stopwatch_token 
"a7df69"
current_article 
App\Entity\Article {#1094
  -id: 8021
  -title: "Robinhood Reiterates Costs of Centralization — DeFi Offer a Different Path"
  -slug: "robinhood-reiterates-costs-of-centralization-defi-offer-a-different-path"
  -introtext: "<p><span style="color: #000000;">One of the key features of cryptocurrencies is largely permissionless access, unlike what is being witnessed with trading platforms like Robinhood.</span></p>\r\n"
  -content: """
    \r\n
    <p id="c1f1" data-selectable-paragraph><span style="color: #000000;">Anzio Ancelotti didn’t notice anything amiss right away. It was subtle things at first. Perhaps a credit card transaction that would take longer than everyone else’s to clear, or a bank loan that wouldn’t be approved.</span></p>\r\n
    <p id="9bb5" data-selectable-paragraph><span style="color: #000000;">Then his paychecks would bounce at his bank, but clear on reissue. Eventually, the bank closed his account and refused him banking services altogether.</span></p>\r\n
    <p id="89ce" data-selectable-paragraph><span style="color: #000000;">And then one day, while walking home from work, an unmarked van pulled up and a two barrel-chested men bundled him into the back gruffly.</span></p>\r\n
    <p id="210a" data-selectable-paragraph><span style="color: #000000;">Panicked, Ancelotti tried to shout, but a gloved hand clasped firmly around his mouth meant that he could barely even breathe.</span></p>\r\n
    <p id="ff43" data-selectable-paragraph><span style="color: #000000;">“Now now Mr. Ancelotti, there’s no need for drama. Now I’m going to calmly remove my hand from your mouth and if you so much as try to be smart, I guarantee you will regret it.”</span></p>\r\n
    <p id="c8c1" data-selectable-paragraph><span style="color: #000000;">Ancelotti nodded in agreement.</span></p>\r\n
    <p id="8fd2" data-selectable-paragraph><span style="color: #000000;">The balaclava-wearing man removed his hand,</span></p>\r\n
    <p id="d149" data-selectable-paragraph><span style="color: #000000;">“Do you know why you’re here Mr. Ancelotti?”</span></p>\r\n
    <p id="35f8" data-selectable-paragraph><span style="color: #000000;">Shell-shocked, Ancelotti shook his head uneasily.</span></p>\r\n
    <p id="0b1b" data-selectable-paragraph><span style="color: #000000;">“No worries, let me do the talking then. You see Mr. Ancelotti, you have had a good life no? Albeit a quiet one. You tend to your little herb garden, your daughter Misha, she’s quite the handful isn’t she, and your loving wife.”</span></p>\r\n
    <p id="a4c5" data-selectable-paragraph><span style="color: #000000;">“It would be such a shame if anything were to happen to them don’t you think.”</span></p>\r\n
    <p id="de77" data-selectable-paragraph><span style="color: #000000;">“What did you do them! Who are you?” Ancelotti snapped back angrily.</span></p>\r\n
    <p id="82f0" data-selectable-paragraph><span style="color: #000000;">“Now, now, Mr. Ancelotti. You are in no position to be asking the questions,” the man now tapped the inside of his jacket where the butt of a pistol could clearly be seen.</span></p>\r\n
    <p id="c48a" data-selectable-paragraph><span style="color: #000000;">“It would be better if you just listened.”</span></p>\r\n
    <p id="bc94" data-selectable-paragraph><span style="color: #000000;">“Now you are not an opinionated man, I know that. But you have an alter ego. Now that alter ego is plenty opinionated.”</span></p>\r\n
    <p id="f83c" data-selectable-paragraph><span style="color: #000000;">“I don’t know what you’re talking about,” Ancelotti struggled in the back of the van which was rumbling around the streets of the city at great speed.</span></p>\r\n
    <p id="eb36" data-selectable-paragraph><span style="color: #000000;">“Now you and I both know what we’re talking about. Your blog postings as your alter ego about our President have generated quite a degree of interest and we believe we have ways of changing your views of our dear leader.”</span></p>\r\n
    <p id="17e1" data-selectable-paragraph><span style="color: #000000;">“You will find we have ways of making you see our point of view. It’d be shame if your paychecks kept on bouncing wouldn’t it? How would your lovely wife and Misha afford any of the nice things that they have now?”</span></p>\r\n
    <p id="f7e7" data-selectable-paragraph><span style="color: #000000;">“Oh you could try with another bank of course, but you’ll find that that would be an exercise in futility.”</span></p>\r\n
    <p id="1422" data-selectable-paragraph><span style="color: #000000;">“What do you want from me?” Ancelotti, his eyes alit with rage and back stiffening felt defiant.</span></p>\r\n
    <p id="a6a8" data-selectable-paragraph><span style="color: #000000;">“Nothing more than for you to consider a different point of view. Till then, you may find that your money isn’t as useful as you thought it was.”</span></p>\r\n
    <p id="7d57" data-selectable-paragraph><span style="color: #000000;">And with that, the van pulled to an abrupt halt and Ancelotti was thrown out onto the sidewalk, before the sliding door of the van slammed shut, the man called out,</span></p>\r\n
    <p id="2ce0" data-selectable-paragraph><span style="color: #000000;">“We’ll be watching Mr. Ancelotti. Do think about it.”</span></p>\r\n
    <p id="ffeb" data-selectable-paragraph><span style="color: #000000;">In the weeks that followed, Ancelotti couldn’t cash any of his paychecks as no bank would open an account for him, nor could he cash out any of the stocks he had in his trading account.</span></p>\r\n
    <p id="e7ae" data-selectable-paragraph><span style="color: #000000;">For all its veneer of commercial freedom, Ancelotti realized that he still very much lived in an economic dictatorship.</span></p>\r\n
    <p id="36c8" data-selectable-paragraph><span style="color: #000000;">Locked out of his country’s financial system, there was little that Ancelotti could do, but comply.</span></p>\r\n
    <p id="d1d3" data-selectable-paragraph><span style="color: #000000;">And while Ancelotti’s circumstances may sound extreme, the recent controversy surrounding GameStop shares and the move by retail-trading app Robinhood to curb trading in those stocks reiterates the dangers of centralization in the financial system.</span></p>\r\n
    <p id="d5eb" data-selectable-paragraph><span style="color: #000000;">If the financial markets are intended to serve everyone (like Hard Rock Café), then they have arguably failed miserably in their role.</span></p>\r\n
    <p id="851b" data-selectable-paragraph><span style="color: #000000;">But perhaps that was never their goal to begin with.</span></p>\r\n
    <h2 id="300c" data-selectable-paragraph><span style="color: #10228b;">Democracy for the Few, Dictatorship for Everyone Else</span></h2>\r\n
    <p id="748b" data-selectable-paragraph><span style="color: #000000;">Because when a mob of retail traders who organized on Reddit, a popular internet message board, bought call options and bid up the price of GameStop stock, punishing the hedge funds that bet against the firm, their pathway to make those trades was abruptly halted.</span></p>\r\n
    <p id="32d1" data-selectable-paragraph><span style="color: #000000;">Just as retail investors were causing peak Wall Street pain, Robinhood and some of its retail-oriented brokerage peers restricted users from buying any more shares in GameStop as clearing houses — which ensure that cash and securities change hands in an orderly fashion — demanded the brokerages post more funds as collateral.</span></p>\r\n
    <p><img src="/images/GameStop.jpeg" alt="GameStop.jpeg" width="601" height="345" /></p>\r\n
    <p id="b9f9" data-selectable-paragraph><span style="color: #000000;">The outcry from the Redditors was almost instantaneous, with even lawmakers such as Democratic Congresswoman Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez and Republican Senator Ted Cruz carrying their torch and alleging this demonstrated a basic unfairness in the markets.</span></p>\r\n
    <p id="92e5" data-selectable-paragraph><span style="color: #000000;">Retail investors cried foul, alleging that Wall Street insiders were protecting each other by preventing “outsiders” — read “retail investors” — from “bullying” the hedge funds who were shorting GameStop.</span></p>\r\n
    <p id="7b71" data-selectable-paragraph><span style="color: #000000;">But was that really the case?</span></p>\r\n
    <h2 id="ef6b" data-selectable-paragraph><span style="color: #10228b;">Go Ahead, Make My Market</span></h2>\r\n
    <p id="3194" data-selectable-paragraph><span style="color: #000000;">Possibly not. Market makers want to encourage trading activity because that’s how they make money.</span></p>\r\n
    <p id="7cc4" data-selectable-paragraph><span style="color: #000000;">In 2008, an average of just 10.9 billion shares changed hands across all of U.S. exchanges every day, while during the height of the GameStop frenzy, a whopping 24 billion shares were traded in a single day — the most ever on record.</span></p>\r\n
    <p id="a33f" data-selectable-paragraph><span style="color: #000000;">But Robinhood’s success meant that it needed to play by the same rules as the bigger brokerage houses and needed to scale up (rapidly in this case) to meet the post-financial crisis rules that aim to make the financial system safer.</span></p>\r\n
    <p id="67b4" data-selectable-paragraph><span style="color: #000000;">As retail investors bid up the stock price of Robinhood, the brokerage had to rush to find liquidity to ensure that it had enough collateral to post to clear those trades.</span></p>\r\n
    <p id="8858" data-selectable-paragraph><span style="color: #000000;">And when volatility spikes, that liquidity can come at a higher cost, as the retail-centric brokerages found out the hard way.</span></p>\r\n
    <p id="65a7" data-selectable-paragraph><span style="color: #000000;">But whatever the reason, whether conspiracy (to protect the hedge funds) or collateral (because of lack of liquidity), the Robinhood-GameStop episode revealed how access to the markets can be arbitrarily removed from a segment of the investing population.</span></p>\r\n
    <p id="e5d9" data-selectable-paragraph><span style="color: #000000;">Retail investors who found that they had tremendous power to move markets suddenly found themselves hamstrung when their brokerages shut off their flows.</span></p>\r\n
    <p id="77c3" data-selectable-paragraph><span style="color: #000000;">But could the same thing happen in the arguably more decentralized markets such as cryptocurrencies?</span></p>\r\n
    <h2 id="ea2a" data-selectable-paragraph><span style="color: #10228b;">Decentralize This</span></h2>\r\n
    <p><img src="/images/Robinhood.jpeg" alt="Robinhood.jpeg" width="601" height="400" /></p>\r\n
    <p id="87e4" data-selectable-paragraph><span style="color: #000000;">While greater institutional interest and adoption of cryptocurrencies has been welcome, that participation has come at the risk of higher regulatory burdens and once again, rent-seeking gatekeepers.</span></p>\r\n
    <p id="6b28" data-selectable-paragraph><span style="color: #000000;">Right now there’s nothing stopping anyone from starting up a liquidity pool to trade any digital asset on one of the many decentralized exchanges.</span></p>\r\n
    <p id="7988" data-selectable-paragraph><span style="color: #000000;">There’s no clearing house, there’s no brokerage and an automated market maker (a software program) helps to match buy and sell orders.</span></p>\r\n
    <p id="4ecc" data-selectable-paragraph><span style="color: #000000;">Even loans are facilitated autonomously.</span></p>\r\n
    <p id="5fcb" data-selectable-paragraph><span style="color: #000000;">Part of a new suite of services which started gaining popularity in the summer of 2020 known as decentralized finance, or DeFi, the Robinhood-GameStop episode should invite closer scrutiny of this nascent market model.</span></p>\r\n
    <p id="6d1e" data-selectable-paragraph><span style="color: #000000;">Whether one subscribes to the view that Robinhood moved to protect the powerful hedge funds from further losses or that the firm had run low on collateral to put up to support retail trades, the fact of the matter is that a retail brokerage unilaterally and arbitrarily stopped its users from making purchases.</span></p>\r\n
    <p id="ae72" data-selectable-paragraph><span style="color: #000000;">The same way a store can refuse a purchase and a restaurant refuse service, brokerages, as retail investors are soon finding out, can refuse execution of orders.</span></p>\r\n
    <p id="4ed8" data-selectable-paragraph><span style="color: #000000;">And that puts tremendous power in the hands of a the few, the same way that social media giants can ban certain users from accessing their platforms.</span></p>\r\n
    <p id="980b" data-selectable-paragraph><span style="color: #000000;">Therein lies the dangers of centralization when it comes to democratizing access to markets.</span></p>\r\n
    <p id="b071" data-selectable-paragraph><span style="color: #000000;">If the goal of the market is as an economic good intended to serve the many, then arguably Wall Street has done a poor job of that.</span></p>\r\n
    <p id="65b5" data-selectable-paragraph><span style="color: #000000;">Perhaps DeFi can pick up where markets have left off.</span></p>
    """
  -user: Proxies\__CG__\App\Entity\User {#1092 …}
  -createdAt: DateTime @1613143507 {#1145
    date: 2021-02-12 15:25:07.0 UTC (+00:00)
  }
  -updatedAt: DateTime @1613143568 {#1150
    date: 2021-02-12 15:26:08.0 UTC (+00:00)
  }
  -deletedAt: null
  -category: App\Entity\Category {#445 …}
  -status: "published"
  -imageCard: Proxies\__CG__\App\Entity\File {#1184 …}
  -ImageHeader: Proxies\__CG__\App\Entity\File {#1184 …}
  -featured: false
  -mainView: false
  -clicks: 1431
  -comments: Doctrine\ORM\PersistentCollection {#1125 …}
  -reviewed_at: DateTime @1613143507 {#1148
    date: 2021-02-12 15:25:07.0 UTC (+00:00)
  }
  -metakey: "Robinhood Reiterates Costs of Centralization — DeFi Offer a Different Path"
  -metadesc: "One of the key features of cryptocurrencies is largely permissionless access, unlike what is being witnessed with trading platforms like Robinhood."
  -robots: null
  -publishedAt: DateTime @1613143507 {#1147
    date: 2021-02-12 15:25:07.0 UTC (+00:00)
  }
  -canonical: null
  -superTag: null
}

AppController :: renderFooter (token = 214b5f)

Key Value
_controller 
"App\Controller\AppController::renderFooter"
_format 
"html"
_locale 
"en"
_stopwatch_token 
"6821cc"

CookieController :: renderCookie (token = 8ffa0c)

Key Value
_controller 
"App\Controller\CookieController::renderCookie"
_format 
"html"
_locale 
"en"
_stopwatch_token 
"3412e2"