GET https://rct.dev.bbntimes.com/science/8-cool-ways-farmers-fight-frost-this-winter

Response
200 OK
IP
18.117.110.119
Profiled on
Token
d07773

ArticleController :: show

Request

GET Parameters

None

POST Parameters

None

Uploaded Files

None

Request Attributes

Key Value
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"App\Controller\ArticleController::show"
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_links 
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    3683 => Symfony\Component\WebLink\Link {#3683
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"article_show"
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[
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]
_security_firewall_run 
"_security_main"
_stopwatch_token 
"5f7c65"
category 
"science"
slug 
"8-cool-ways-farmers-fight-frost-this-winter"

Request Headers

Header Value
accept 
"*/*"
accept-encoding 
"gzip, br, zstd, deflate"
connection 
"close"
cookie 
"PHPSESSID=ln690kgm83enl2b9v2em8e0ona"
host 
"rct.dev.bbntimes.com"
user-agent 
"Mozilla/5.0 AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko; compatible; ClaudeBot/1.0; +claudebot@anthropic.com)"
x-php-ob-level 
"1"

Request Content

Request content not available (it was retrieved as a resource).

Response

Response Headers

Header Value
cache-control 
"no-cache, private"
content-type 
"text/html; charset=UTF-8"
date 
"Wed, 16 Apr 2025 06:31:31 GMT"
link 
"</build/runtime.js>; rel="preload"; as="script",</build/644.js>; rel="preload"; as="script",</build/502.js>; rel="preload"; as="script",</build/app.js>; rel="preload"; as="script",</build/view-more.js>; rel="preload"; as="script",</build/term-condition.js>; rel="preload"; as="script",</build/contact.js>; rel="preload"; as="script",</build/scroll-infinite-article.js>; rel="preload"; as="script",</build/app.css>; rel="preload"; as="style",</build/cookie-style.css>; rel="preload"; as="style",</build/term-condition-css.css>; rel="preload"; as="style",</build/contact-css.css>; rel="preload"; as="style",</build/comment-css.css>; rel="preload"; as="style""
x-debug-token 
"d07773"

Cookies

Request Cookies

Key Value
PHPSESSID 
"ln690kgm83enl2b9v2em8e0ona"

Response Cookies

No response cookies

Session 6

Session Metadata

Key Value
Created 
"Wed, 16 Apr 25 06:30:10 +0000"
Last used 
"Wed, 16 Apr 25 06:31:29 +0000"
Lifetime 
0

Session Attributes

Attribute Value
_csrf/https-comment 
"rGwu8Z14wf5tmdAoBRVqrdjYgDYG7Sowo4kc_qDpDtM"
_csrf/https-cookie_accept 
"YbLznMXQrtylIXZuuBqxXvyjvZQtiqVvy4T3s6TZeTk"

Session Usage

6 Usages
Stateless check enabled
Usage
Symfony\Component\Security\Csrf\TokenStorage\SessionTokenStorage:76
Show trace 
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Symfony\Component\Security\Csrf\TokenStorage\SessionTokenStorage:79
Show trace 
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Symfony\Component\Security\Csrf\TokenStorage\SessionTokenStorage:52
Show trace 
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Symfony\Component\Security\Csrf\TokenStorage\SessionTokenStorage:56
Show trace 
[
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    "function" => "show"
    "class" => "App\Controller\ArticleController"
    "type" => "->"
  ]
  [
    "file" => "/var/www/vhosts/dev.bbntimes.com/rct.dev.bbntimes.com/vendor/symfony/http-kernel/HttpKernel.php"
    "line" => 76
    "function" => "handleRaw"
    "class" => "Symfony\Component\HttpKernel\HttpKernel"
    "type" => "->"
  ]
  [
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    "line" => 197
    "function" => "handle"
    "class" => "Symfony\Component\HttpKernel\HttpKernel"
    "type" => "->"
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  [
    "file" => "/var/www/vhosts/dev.bbntimes.com/rct.dev.bbntimes.com/vendor/symfony/runtime/Runner/Symfony/HttpKernelRunner.php"
    "line" => 35
    "function" => "handle"
    "class" => "Symfony\Component\HttpKernel\Kernel"
    "type" => "->"
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  [
    "file" => "/var/www/vhosts/dev.bbntimes.com/rct.dev.bbntimes.com/vendor/autoload_runtime.php"
    "line" => 29
    "function" => "run"
    "class" => "Symfony\Component\Runtime\Runner\Symfony\HttpKernelRunner"
    "type" => "->"
  ]
  [
    "file" => "/var/www/vhosts/dev.bbntimes.com/rct.dev.bbntimes.com/public/index.php"
    "line" => 5
    "args" => [
      "/var/www/vhosts/dev.bbntimes.com/rct.dev.bbntimes.com/vendor/autoload_runtime.php"
    ]
    "function" => "require_once"
  ]
]
Symfony\Component\Security\Core\Authentication\Token\Storage\UsageTrackingTokenStorage:41
Show trace 
[
  [
    "file" => "/var/www/vhosts/dev.bbntimes.com/rct.dev.bbntimes.com/vendor/symfony/security-core/Authentication/Token/Storage/UsageTrackingTokenStorage.php"
    "line" => 41
    "function" => "getMetadataBag"
    "class" => "Symfony\Component\HttpFoundation\Session\Session"
    "type" => "->"
  ]
  [
    "file" => "/var/www/vhosts/dev.bbntimes.com/rct.dev.bbntimes.com/vendor/symfony/twig-bridge/AppVariable.php"
    "line" => 103
    "function" => "getToken"
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    "function" => "twig_get_attribute"
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    "function" => "doDisplay"
    "class" => "__TwigTemplate_824a013e4f3f4a68e03a2d244e765025"
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    "function" => "displayWithErrorHandling"
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    "line" => 379
    "function" => "display"
    "class" => "Twig\Template"
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    "function" => "render"
    "class" => "Twig\Template"
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    "class" => "Twig\TemplateWrapper"
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    "function" => "render"
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    "function" => "doRenderView"
    "class" => "Symfony\Bundle\FrameworkBundle\Controller\AbstractController"
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    "class" => "Symfony\Bundle\FrameworkBundle\Controller\AbstractController"
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    "function" => "renderHeader"
    "class" => "App\Controller\AppController"
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    "line" => 76
    "function" => "handleRaw"
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  [
    "file" => "/var/www/vhosts/dev.bbntimes.com/rct.dev.bbntimes.com/vendor/symfony/http-kernel/HttpCache/SubRequestHandler.php"
    "line" => 86
    "function" => "handle"
    "class" => "Symfony\Component\HttpKernel\HttpKernel"
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  [
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    "function" => "render"
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    "function" => "displayWithErrorHandling"
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  ]
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    "line" => 379
    "function" => "display"
    "class" => "Twig\Template"
    "type" => "->"
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  [
    "file" => "/var/www/vhosts/dev.bbntimes.com/rct.dev.bbntimes.com/vendor/twig/twig/src/TemplateWrapper.php"
    "line" => 38
    "function" => "render"
    "class" => "Twig\Template"
    "type" => "->"
  ]
  [
    "file" => "/var/www/vhosts/dev.bbntimes.com/rct.dev.bbntimes.com/vendor/twig/twig/src/Environment.php"
    "line" => 280
    "function" => "render"
    "class" => "Twig\TemplateWrapper"
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  [
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    "function" => "render"
    "class" => "Twig\Environment"
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  [
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    "line" => 453
    "function" => "doRenderView"
    "class" => "Symfony\Bundle\FrameworkBundle\Controller\AbstractController"
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  [
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    "line" => 253
    "function" => "doRender"
    "class" => "Symfony\Bundle\FrameworkBundle\Controller\AbstractController"
    "type" => "->"
  ]
  [
    "file" => "/var/www/vhosts/dev.bbntimes.com/rct.dev.bbntimes.com/src/Controller/ArticleController.php"
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    "function" => "render"
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  [
    "file" => "/var/www/vhosts/dev.bbntimes.com/rct.dev.bbntimes.com/vendor/symfony/http-kernel/HttpKernel.php"
    "line" => 181
    "function" => "show"
    "class" => "App\Controller\ArticleController"
    "type" => "->"
  ]
  [
    "file" => "/var/www/vhosts/dev.bbntimes.com/rct.dev.bbntimes.com/vendor/symfony/http-kernel/HttpKernel.php"
    "line" => 76
    "function" => "handleRaw"
    "class" => "Symfony\Component\HttpKernel\HttpKernel"
    "type" => "->"
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  [
    "file" => "/var/www/vhosts/dev.bbntimes.com/rct.dev.bbntimes.com/vendor/symfony/http-kernel/Kernel.php"
    "line" => 197
    "function" => "handle"
    "class" => "Symfony\Component\HttpKernel\HttpKernel"
    "type" => "->"
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  [
    "file" => "/var/www/vhosts/dev.bbntimes.com/rct.dev.bbntimes.com/vendor/symfony/runtime/Runner/Symfony/HttpKernelRunner.php"
    "line" => 35
    "function" => "handle"
    "class" => "Symfony\Component\HttpKernel\Kernel"
    "type" => "->"
  ]
  [
    "file" => "/var/www/vhosts/dev.bbntimes.com/rct.dev.bbntimes.com/vendor/autoload_runtime.php"
    "line" => 29
    "function" => "run"
    "class" => "Symfony\Component\Runtime\Runner\Symfony\HttpKernelRunner"
    "type" => "->"
  ]
  [
    "file" => "/var/www/vhosts/dev.bbntimes.com/rct.dev.bbntimes.com/public/index.php"
    "line" => 5
    "args" => [
      "/var/www/vhosts/dev.bbntimes.com/rct.dev.bbntimes.com/vendor/autoload_runtime.php"
    ]
    "function" => "require_once"
  ]
]
Symfony\Component\Security\Http\Firewall\ContextListener:171
Show trace 
[
  [
    "file" => "/var/www/vhosts/dev.bbntimes.com/rct.dev.bbntimes.com/vendor/symfony/security-http/Firewall/ContextListener.php"
    "line" => 171
    "function" => "remove"
    "class" => "Symfony\Component\HttpFoundation\Session\Session"
    "type" => "->"
  ]
  [
    "file" => "/var/www/vhosts/dev.bbntimes.com/rct.dev.bbntimes.com/vendor/symfony/event-dispatcher/Debug/WrappedListener.php"
    "line" => 116
    "function" => "onKernelResponse"
    "class" => "Symfony\Component\Security\Http\Firewall\ContextListener"
    "type" => "->"
  ]
  [
    "file" => "/var/www/vhosts/dev.bbntimes.com/rct.dev.bbntimes.com/vendor/symfony/event-dispatcher/EventDispatcher.php"
    "line" => 220
    "function" => "__invoke"
    "class" => "Symfony\Component\EventDispatcher\Debug\WrappedListener"
    "type" => "->"
  ]
  [
    "file" => "/var/www/vhosts/dev.bbntimes.com/rct.dev.bbntimes.com/vendor/symfony/event-dispatcher/EventDispatcher.php"
    "line" => 56
    "function" => "callListeners"
    "class" => "Symfony\Component\EventDispatcher\EventDispatcher"
    "type" => "->"
  ]
  [
    "file" => "/var/www/vhosts/dev.bbntimes.com/rct.dev.bbntimes.com/vendor/symfony/event-dispatcher/Debug/TraceableEventDispatcher.php"
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    "function" => "dispatch"
    "class" => "Symfony\Component\EventDispatcher\EventDispatcher"
    "type" => "->"
  ]
  [
    "file" => "/var/www/vhosts/dev.bbntimes.com/rct.dev.bbntimes.com/vendor/symfony/http-kernel/HttpKernel.php"
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    "function" => "dispatch"
    "class" => "Symfony\Component\EventDispatcher\Debug\TraceableEventDispatcher"
    "type" => "->"
  ]
  [
    "file" => "/var/www/vhosts/dev.bbntimes.com/rct.dev.bbntimes.com/vendor/symfony/http-kernel/HttpKernel.php"
    "line" => 202
    "function" => "filterResponse"
    "class" => "Symfony\Component\HttpKernel\HttpKernel"
    "type" => "->"
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  [
    "file" => "/var/www/vhosts/dev.bbntimes.com/rct.dev.bbntimes.com/vendor/symfony/http-kernel/HttpKernel.php"
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    "function" => "handleRaw"
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    "type" => "->"
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    "function" => "handle"
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    "type" => "->"
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    "file" => "/var/www/vhosts/dev.bbntimes.com/rct.dev.bbntimes.com/vendor/autoload_runtime.php"
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    "function" => "run"
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      "/var/www/vhosts/dev.bbntimes.com/rct.dev.bbntimes.com/vendor/autoload_runtime.php"
    ]
    "function" => "require_once"
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]

Flashes

Flashes

No flash messages were created.

Server Parameters

Server Parameters

Defined in .env

Key Value
APP_ENV 
"dev"
APP_SECRET 
"0a988e63f011514eaabfc650b599af4d"
CORS_ALLOW_ORIGIN 
"*"
DATABASE_URL 
"mysql://bbndb_rctuser:33F5W25z40or0f7@localhost:3306/rct_bbntimes"
GOOGLE_RECAPTCHA_SECRET_KEY 
"6LdV5fgpAAAAANxzTG8ZMfIjil1wu-1vrQvnUt-x"
GOOGLE_RECAPTCHA_SITE_KEY 
"6LdV5fgpAAAAAENKcn73MJAhQrbtQeqgyC4wDLMP"
MAILER_DSN 
"smtp://no-reply%40rct.dev.bbntimes.com:Bl6%26gLD48%26Of919@rct.dev.bbntimes.com:465"
MARIADB_PASSWORD 
"i!87pK&!85ezc8"

Defined as regular env variables

Key Value
APP_DEBUG 
"1"
BASE 
"/public"
CONTEXT_DOCUMENT_ROOT 
"/var/www/vhosts/dev.bbntimes.com/rct.dev.bbntimes.com"
CONTEXT_PREFIX 
""
DOCUMENT_ROOT 
"/var/www/vhosts/dev.bbntimes.com/rct.dev.bbntimes.com"
FCGI_ROLE 
"RESPONDER"
GATEWAY_INTERFACE 
"CGI/1.1"
HTTPS 
"on"
HTTP_ACCEPT 
"*/*"
HTTP_ACCEPT_ENCODING 
"gzip, br, zstd, deflate"
HTTP_CONNECTION 
"close"
HTTP_COOKIE 
"PHPSESSID=ln690kgm83enl2b9v2em8e0ona"
HTTP_HOST 
"rct.dev.bbntimes.com"
HTTP_USER_AGENT 
"Mozilla/5.0 AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko; compatible; ClaudeBot/1.0; +claudebot@anthropic.com)"
PASSENGER_COMPILE_NATIVE_SUPPORT_BINARY 
"0"
PASSENGER_DOWNLOAD_NATIVE_SUPPORT_BINARY 
"0"
PATH 
"/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/sbin:/bin:/snap/bin"
PHP_SELF 
"/public/index.php"
PP_CUSTOM_PHP_CGI_INDEX 
"plesk-php81-fastcgi"
PP_CUSTOM_PHP_INI 
"/var/www/vhosts/system/rct.dev.bbntimes.com/etc/php.ini"
QUERY_STRING 
""
REDIRECT_BASE 
"/public"
REDIRECT_HTTPS 
"on"
REDIRECT_PASSENGER_COMPILE_NATIVE_SUPPORT_BINARY 
"0"
REDIRECT_PASSENGER_DOWNLOAD_NATIVE_SUPPORT_BINARY 
"0"
REDIRECT_REDIRECT_HTTPS 
"on"
REDIRECT_REDIRECT_PASSENGER_COMPILE_NATIVE_SUPPORT_BINARY 
"0"
REDIRECT_REDIRECT_PASSENGER_DOWNLOAD_NATIVE_SUPPORT_BINARY 
"0"
REDIRECT_REDIRECT_SCRIPT_URI 
"https://rct.dev.bbntimes.com/science/8-cool-ways-farmers-fight-frost-this-winter"
REDIRECT_REDIRECT_SCRIPT_URL 
"/science/8-cool-ways-farmers-fight-frost-this-winter"
REDIRECT_REDIRECT_SSL_TLS_SNI 
"rct.dev.bbntimes.com"
REDIRECT_REDIRECT_STATUS 
"200"
REDIRECT_REDIRECT_UNIQUE_ID 
"Z_9Ow3rHjgaoWy9jiBa8rwAAANY"
REDIRECT_SCRIPT_URI 
"https://rct.dev.bbntimes.com/science/8-cool-ways-farmers-fight-frost-this-winter"
REDIRECT_SCRIPT_URL 
"/science/8-cool-ways-farmers-fight-frost-this-winter"
REDIRECT_SSL_TLS_SNI 
"rct.dev.bbntimes.com"
REDIRECT_STATUS 
"200"
REDIRECT_UNIQUE_ID 
"Z_9Ow3rHjgaoWy9jiBa8rwAAANY"
REDIRECT_URL 
"/public/science/8-cool-ways-farmers-fight-frost-this-winter"
REMOTE_ADDR 
"18.117.110.119"
REMOTE_PORT 
"22321"
REQUEST_METHOD 
"GET"
REQUEST_SCHEME 
"https"
REQUEST_TIME 
1744785091
REQUEST_TIME_FLOAT 
1744785091.3004
REQUEST_URI 
"/science/8-cool-ways-farmers-fight-frost-this-winter"
SCRIPT_FILENAME 
"/var/www/vhosts/dev.bbntimes.com/rct.dev.bbntimes.com/public/index.php"
SCRIPT_NAME 
"/public/index.php"
SCRIPT_URI 
"https://rct.dev.bbntimes.com/science/8-cool-ways-farmers-fight-frost-this-winter"
SCRIPT_URL 
"/science/8-cool-ways-farmers-fight-frost-this-winter"
SERVER_ADDR 
"5.196.1.209"
SERVER_ADMIN 
"[no address given]"
SERVER_NAME 
"rct.dev.bbntimes.com"
SERVER_PORT 
"443"
SERVER_PROTOCOL 
"HTTP/1.1"
SERVER_SIGNATURE 
"<address>Apache Server at rct.dev.bbntimes.com Port 443</address>\n"
SERVER_SOFTWARE 
"Apache"
SSL_TLS_SNI 
"rct.dev.bbntimes.com"
SYMFONY_DOTENV_VARS 
"APP_ENV,APP_SECRET,DATABASE_URL,MARIADB_PASSWORD,CORS_ALLOW_ORIGIN,MAILER_DSN,GOOGLE_RECAPTCHA_SECRET_KEY,GOOGLE_RECAPTCHA_SITE_KEY"
UNIQUE_ID 
"Z_9Ow3rHjgaoWy9jiBa8rwAAANY"

Sub Requests 6

CookieController :: renderAnalysis (token = 46590a)

Key Value
_controller 
"App\Controller\CookieController::renderAnalysis"
_format 
"html"
_locale 
"en"
_stopwatch_token 
"c65403"

AppController :: renderHeader (token = 5339fa)

Key Value
_controller 
"App\Controller\AppController::renderHeader"
_format 
"html"
_locale 
"en"
_stopwatch_token 
"0e21c5"
slug 
"home"

ArticleController :: relatedArticles (token = 2f1d11)

Key Value
_controller 
"App\Controller\ArticleController::relatedArticles"
_format 
"html"
_locale 
"en"
_stopwatch_token 
"373890"
current_article 
App\Entity\Article {#1094
  -id: 13957
  -title: "From Food to Gas: What's Behind the UK's Persistent Inflation Issues?"
  -slug: "from-food-to-gas-what-s-behind-the-uk-s-persistent-inflation-issues"
  -introtext: "<p>The UK is currently facing higher than expected inflation rates, with the cost of living rising faster than in most other advanced economies.</p>\r\n"
  -content: """
    \r\n
    <p>According to the Office for National Statistics, price rises rose by 10.4% in the year to February, compared to 6% in the US and 8.5% in the Eurozone. While it's important not to read too much into one month's figures, the UK's inflation rate has been persistently higher on average compared to other large economies in Europe and the US over the past year.</p>\r\n
    <p>There are several factors driving up prices in the UK, including food price rises, wholesale gas prices, and worker shortages and wage rises.</p>\r\n
    <p>One of the key reasons of February's inflation increase was the continued rise in food prices in the United Kingdom. Food inflation was 18.2% higher last month compared to the same period last year, with salad and vegetable shortages driving the latest increases in customer costs. Tomatoes, peppers, and cucumbers have been among the items in low supply, owing to severe weather in Spain and North Africa, which has hampered harvests. Throughout the winter, the UK imports a large amount of such produce from other countries. High energy prices in the UK have exacerbated the shortages, causing vegetable growers and farmers to reduce crop yields or forego producing specific items altogether due to rising operating expenses.</p>\r\n
    <p>Minette Batters, president of the National Farmers Union (NFU), stated that "it's a very complex picture," but all of the union's surveys of growers show that businesses are contracting and the more the sector shrinks "the less there is, the rationing comes in and that just drives further food inflation."</p>\r\n
    <p>Farmers have also argued that retailers and supermarkets are not paying a fair price for them for their produce, and the government's food tsar has said supermarkets having "fixed-price contracts" with suppliers means when food is scarce, some producers opt to sell less to the UK and more elsewhere in Europe.</p>\r\n
    <p>Wholesale gas prices are another element driving rising prices in the UK. After Russia's invasion of Ukraine, global energy prices have skyrocketed. Nonetheless, the impact of increasing gas costs on consumers and businesses in the UK has been more severe than in other advanced nations. Experts claim the price of gas in the UK has risen dramatically. Jonathan Haskel, a member of the Bank of England's Monetary Policy Committee, previously stated that the United Kingdom appeared to be one of the "most vulnerable" to energy price shocks. He claimed that the UK uses more gas to heat homes and keep lights on than other European countries. He also added that gas was transferred mostly via pipelines from a handful of suppliers, whereas the US produced most of its own gas and relied more on Liquefied Natural Gas (LNG). Taxes being lower on electricity and gas paid by UK consumers compared to their European neighbors meant when wholesale gas prices rise, UK energy bills "would be expected" to go up more than others, he said.</p>\r\n
    <p>The energy price shock is a major driver of the prolonged high inflation in the UK, but it's not the only cause with the UK also having a major worker shortage. During the pandemic, all major countries saw their workforce shrink. But while most leading economies have since recovered, the UK still has about 400,000 more people not working than in December 2019. According to a study conducted by the think tanks Centre for European Reform and Britain in a Changing Europe, Brexit has resulted in 330,000 fewer workers in the UK, with industries such as transportation, hospitality, and retail being particularly heavily hit.</p>
    """
  -user: Proxies\__CG__\App\Entity\User {#1092 …}
  -createdAt: DateTime @1679528113 {#1145
    date: 2023-03-22 23:35:13.0 UTC (+00:00)
  }
  -updatedAt: DateTime @1679528215 {#1150
    date: 2023-03-22 23:36:55.0 UTC (+00:00)
  }
  -deletedAt: null
  -category: App\Entity\Category {#445 …}
  -status: "published"
  -imageCard: Proxies\__CG__\App\Entity\File {#1184 …}
  -ImageHeader: Proxies\__CG__\App\Entity\File {#1184 …}
  -featured: false
  -mainView: false
  -clicks: 1198
  -comments: Doctrine\ORM\PersistentCollection {#1125 …}
  -reviewed_at: DateTime @1679528113 {#1148
    date: 2023-03-22 23:35:13.0 UTC (+00:00)
  }
  -metakey: "From Food to Gas: What's Behind the UK's Persistent Inflation Issues?"
  -metadesc: "The UK is currently facing higher than expected inflation rates, with the cost of living rising faster than in most other advanced economies."
  -robots: null
  -publishedAt: DateTime @1679528113 {#1147
    date: 2023-03-22 23:35:13.0 UTC (+00:00)
  }
  -canonical: null
  -superTag: null
}

ArticleController :: relatedArticles (token = 96dc00)

Key Value
_controller 
"App\Controller\ArticleController::relatedArticles"
_format 
"html"
_locale 
"en"
_stopwatch_token 
"50436a"
current_article 
App\Entity\Article {#1094
  -id: 15917
  -title: "8 Cool Ways Farmers Fight Frost This Winter"
  -slug: "8-cool-ways-farmers-fight-frost-this-winter"
  -introtext: "<p>Even with careful planning, an occasional cold front blows in unexpectedly and causes frost damage to a farmer’s crops.</p>\r\n"
  -content: """
    \r\n
    <p>The results can be catastrophic — if a freeze occurs during flowering, plants may not bear as much fruit, if they produce it at all. For people whose livelihood depends on crops, a cold snap can spell hard times ahead. How do farmers protect their plants against frost?</p>\r\n
    <p><img src="/images/Winter_Farming.jpg" alt="Winter_Farming.jpg" width="600" height="400" /></p>\r\n
    <h2>1. Site Selection</h2>\r\n
    <p>One of the most important ways farmers prevent frost damage on their crops is through careful planting site selection. In the Northern Hemisphere, for example, planting seeds in a south-facing field ensures the soil will trap more <a href="environment/warm-and-green-sustainable-tips-for-a-cozy-winter" target="_blank" rel="noopener">heat</a> from <a href="science/ever-wonder-how-solar-panels-harness-the-power-of-the-sun" target="_blank" rel="noopener">the sun</a>. This trapped heat helps plants keep warm throughout the night.&nbsp;</p>\r\n
    <p>Additionally, planting on a slope allows cold air, which sinks, to flow past crops rather than settling on them. For the same reason, high-elevation orchards tend to experience less fruit and flower damage from cold than do low-elevation sites.&nbsp;</p>\r\n
    <p>Soil moisture matters a great deal when trying to keep plants warm in the winter. The warmest type of ground consists of bare, moist, firm soil. The following soil conditions — <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/frost-critical-temperatures-and-frost-protection" target="_blank" rel="noopener">listed from warmest to coolest</a> — all tend to be colder than that:</p>\r\n
    <ul>\r\n
    <li aria-level="1">\r\n
    <p>Moist ground with shredded cover crops</p>\r\n
    </li>\r\n
    <li aria-level="1">\r\n
    <p>Low-growing cover crops</p>\r\n
    </li>\r\n
    <li aria-level="1">\r\n
    <p>Firm, dry ground</p>\r\n
    </li>\r\n
    <li aria-level="1">\r\n
    <p>Fluffy, freshly disked ground</p>\r\n
    </li>\r\n
    <li aria-level="1">\r\n
    <p>Tall cover crops or weeds</p>\r\n
    </li>\r\n
    <li aria-level="1">\r\n
    <p>Thick cover crops that restrict air drainage</p>\r\n
    </li>\r\n
    </ul>\r\n
    <p>Dark-coloured, gravelly soil absorbs more solar radiation during the day than light-coloured soil, helping it store more heat. Heavy soils with lots of clay hold more warmth than sand. Overall, proper site selection is the best way to prevent frost damage during winter, because it’s free and requires no routine care.</p>\r\n
    <h2>2. Mobile Propane Heaters</h2>\r\n
    <p>Attached to the back of a tractor, a mobile propane heater — sometimes called a frost dragon or thermablaster — blows hot air across crops. This type of frost control machine <a href="https://www.shipleyenergy.com/resources/propane-commercial/how-farmers-use-propane-to-control-frost/" target="_blank" rel="noopener">can heat five or six acres</a> of land and protect crops at temperatures as low as -5 degrees Celsius, the point at which fruit and flower damage starts to occur.&nbsp;</p>\r\n
    <p>Compared to older models, modern propane-powered heaters are more fuel-efficient. Propane is relatively inexpensive and can be stored long-term without losing quality.</p>\r\n
    <h2>3. Wind Machines</h2>\r\n
    <p>Another way to keep crops warm is to use a wind machine. Resembling a giant fan or turbine, a wind machine blows air, but it doesn’t emit any warmth of its own. Instead, it mixes the air from the upper portions of an inversion layer — a pocket of warm air at a higher altitude — with the cold, heavy air close to the ground.&nbsp;</p>\r\n
    <p>A wind machine can draw warm air downward to raise the temperature around trees or crops by several degrees. However, farmers mainly use wind machines to maintain existing temperatures rather than to significantly warm a field up.&nbsp;</p>\r\n
    <p>There are stationary wind machines meant for permanent installation in vineyards and orchards. Farmers can also use portable frost control machines attached to the backs of trucks or tractors to change their placement as needed.</p>\r\n
    <p>Since wind machines are driven by motors, they consume fuel — typically diesel or propane. Unlike mobile propane heaters, however, wind machines only work when an inversion is present. Farmers sometimes combine them with heaters to help blow heat across an orchard.</p>\r\n
    <h2>4. Helicopters</h2>\r\n
    <p>One surprising way to prevent frost damage is to fly a helicopter over the field during an inversion. This technique works via the same mechanism as a wind machine — the spinning blades mix warm, higher-altitude air with the cold air sinking around the crops. Helicopters usually pass repeatedly over each section of the field to prevent the cold air from sinking again.&nbsp;</p>\r\n
    <p>Of course, this method is more viable for huge growing operations rather than individual farmers. Flying a helicopter isn’t cheap!</p>\r\n
    <h2>5. Crop Choice</h2>\r\n
    <p>Farmers are careful to choose and plant crops that will perform well in their growing zone during the winter season. Frost-hardy vegetables like kale, brussels sprouts, onions, collard greens and turnips <a href="https://revolutionized.com/species-to-raise-in-aquaponics-system/" target="_blank" rel="noopener">are good choices for winter</a> in the Northern Hemisphere. Not only will they survive the cold, but they can actually taste better when grown at lower temperatures.</p>\r\n
    <p>As <a href="https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1111/pbi.13306" target="_blank" rel="noopener">genetic engineering becomes more sophisticated</a>, it’s also becoming possible to grow traditionally sun-loving plants, like corn, in cold climates. Farmers have more options than ever when it comes to choosing frost-resistant plants.&nbsp;</p>\r\n
    <h2>6. Frost Covers</h2>\r\n
    <p>One of the simplest, most common ways to protect plants from frost is with non-woven polyester row covers. These covers trap the heat around plants to help them weather the cold.&nbsp;</p>\r\n
    <p>Another option is to use drop cloths or blankets to keep plants cosy. In fact, any medium-weight fabric other than plastic can be a good cover. The reason farmers don’t use plastic is that it transmits cold air to plants and can make frost damage worse.&nbsp;</p>\r\n
    <p>Whichever material they choose, farmers put the covers over their crops at night, draping them loosely over the plants to allow for better airflow. A wire frame prevents the covers from touching the plants themselves.&nbsp;</p>\r\n
    <p>In the morning, they pull the covers off so the plants can get adequate sunlight. Using frost covers can be tedious, but it’s a fairly inexpensive method for protecting crops because it requires no fuel, electricity or specialised equipment.&nbsp;</p>\r\n
    <h2>7. Ground Cover Management</h2>\r\n
    <p>When tall grass or weeds are present in a field, sunlight reflects off their surface. That means less heat is stored in the ground. Farmers who plant winter cover crops between orchard rows often mow them close to the ground to help warm the soil. Doing so increases daytime heat absorption and reduces the rate of heat loss at night.&nbsp;</p>\r\n
    <h2>8. Greenhouses</h2>\r\n
    <p>Thermostats, thermometers and heaters make it easy to control the temperature inside a greenhouse. When the temperature drops below a set threshold, the heaters will kick in to protect the plants from frost damage.</p>\r\n
    <p>Greenhouses can utilize baseboard heaters to warm plants from underneath. Farmers can also install greenhouse fan heaters that spread the warmth around more evenly, ensuring all plants are exposed to the same temperature.</p>\r\n
    <h2>Keep Your Crops Warm Through the Winter</h2>\r\n
    <p><img src="/images/Keep_Your_Crops_Warm_Through_the_Winter.jpg" alt="Keep_Your_Crops_Warm_Through_the_Winter.jpg" width="600" height="400" /></p>\r\n
    <p>Don’t let an unexpected late cold front ruin your growing season. You can take the proper precautions to keep plants warm throughout the chilliest months of the year.</p>
    """
  -user: Proxies\__CG__\App\Entity\User {#1092 …}
  -createdAt: DateTime @1710201840 {#1145
    date: 2024-03-12 00:04:00.0 UTC (+00:00)
  }
  -updatedAt: DateTime @1710201963 {#1150
    date: 2024-03-12 00:06:03.0 UTC (+00:00)
  }
  -deletedAt: null
  -category: App\Entity\Category {#445 …}
  -status: "published"
  -imageCard: Proxies\__CG__\App\Entity\File {#1184 …}
  -ImageHeader: Proxies\__CG__\App\Entity\File {#1184 …}
  -featured: false
  -mainView: false
  -clicks: 4078
  -comments: Doctrine\ORM\PersistentCollection {#1125 …}
  -reviewed_at: DateTime @1710201840 {#1148
    date: 2024-03-12 00:04:00.0 UTC (+00:00)
  }
  -metakey: "8 Cool Ways Farmers Fight Frost This Winter"
  -metadesc: "Even with careful planning, an occasional cold front blows in unexpectedly and causes frost damage to a farmer’s crops."
  -robots: null
  -publishedAt: DateTime @1710201840 {#1147
    date: 2024-03-12 00:04:00.0 UTC (+00:00)
  }
  -canonical: null
  -superTag: null
}

AppController :: renderFooter (token = 338b60)

Key Value
_controller 
"App\Controller\AppController::renderFooter"
_format 
"html"
_locale 
"en"
_stopwatch_token 
"19e323"

CookieController :: renderCookie (token = 835541)

Key Value
_controller 
"App\Controller\CookieController::renderCookie"
_format 
"html"
_locale 
"en"
_stopwatch_token 
"27067e"