GET https://rct.dev.bbntimes.com/global-economy/a-primer-on-nfts

ArticleController :: show

Request

GET Parameters

None

POST Parameters

None

Uploaded Files

None

Request Attributes

Key Value
_controller
"App\Controller\ArticleController::show"
_firewall_context
"security.firewall.map.context.main"
_links
Symfony\Component\WebLink\GenericLinkProvider {#3614
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      -rel: [
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      -attributes: [
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    3733 => Symfony\Component\WebLink\Link {#3733
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      -rel: [
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      -attributes: [
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    3732 => Symfony\Component\WebLink\Link {#3732
      -href: "/build/502.js"
      -rel: [
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      -attributes: [
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      ]
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    3731 => Symfony\Component\WebLink\Link {#3731
      -href: "/build/app.js"
      -rel: [
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    }
    3730 => Symfony\Component\WebLink\Link {#3730
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      -rel: [
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      -attributes: [
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      ]
    }
    3729 => Symfony\Component\WebLink\Link {#3729
      -href: "/build/term-condition.js"
      -rel: [
        "preload" => "preload"
      ]
      -attributes: [
        "as" => "script"
      ]
    }
    3728 => Symfony\Component\WebLink\Link {#3728
      -href: "/build/contact.js"
      -rel: [
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      ]
      -attributes: [
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      ]
    }
    3727 => Symfony\Component\WebLink\Link {#3727
      -href: "/build/scroll-infinite-article.js"
      -rel: [
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      ]
      -attributes: [
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      ]
    }
    3726 => Symfony\Component\WebLink\Link {#3726
      -href: "/build/app.css"
      -rel: [
        "preload" => "preload"
      ]
      -attributes: [
        "as" => "style"
      ]
    }
    3725 => Symfony\Component\WebLink\Link {#3725
      -href: "/build/cookie-style.css"
      -rel: [
        "preload" => "preload"
      ]
      -attributes: [
        "as" => "style"
      ]
    }
    3724 => Symfony\Component\WebLink\Link {#3724
      -href: "/build/term-condition-css.css"
      -rel: [
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      -attributes: [
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      ]
    }
    3723 => Symfony\Component\WebLink\Link {#3723
      -href: "/build/contact-css.css"
      -rel: [
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      -attributes: [
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      ]
    }
    3722 => Symfony\Component\WebLink\Link {#3722
      -href: "/build/comment-css.css"
      -rel: [
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      -attributes: [
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      ]
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}
_route
"article_show"
_route_params
[
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  "slug" => "a-primer-on-nfts"
]
_security_firewall_run
"_security_main"
_stopwatch_token
"975820"
category
"global-economy"
slug
"a-primer-on-nfts"

Request Headers

Header Value
accept
"*/*"
accept-encoding
"gzip, br, zstd, deflate"
connection
"close"
cookie
"PHPSESSID=bvr7cagtkdrlhljvs592thpm6l"
host
"rct.dev.bbntimes.com"
user-agent
"Mozilla/5.0 AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko; compatible; ClaudeBot/1.0; +claudebot@anthropic.com)"
x-php-ob-level
"1"

Request Content

Request content not available (it was retrieved as a resource).

Response

Response Headers

Header Value
cache-control
"no-cache, private"
content-type
"text/html; charset=UTF-8"
date
"Mon, 23 Jun 2025 04:02:08 GMT"
link
"</build/runtime.js>; rel="preload"; as="script",</build/644.js>; rel="preload"; as="script",</build/502.js>; rel="preload"; as="script",</build/app.js>; rel="preload"; as="script",</build/view-more.js>; rel="preload"; as="script",</build/term-condition.js>; rel="preload"; as="script",</build/contact.js>; rel="preload"; as="script",</build/scroll-infinite-article.js>; rel="preload"; as="script",</build/app.css>; rel="preload"; as="style",</build/cookie-style.css>; rel="preload"; as="style",</build/term-condition-css.css>; rel="preload"; as="style",</build/contact-css.css>; rel="preload"; as="style",</build/comment-css.css>; rel="preload"; as="style""
x-debug-token
"dd531d"

Cookies

Request Cookies

Key Value
PHPSESSID
"bvr7cagtkdrlhljvs592thpm6l"

Response Cookies

No response cookies

Session 6

Session Metadata

Key Value
Created
"Mon, 23 Jun 25 04:01:58 +0000"
Last used
"Mon, 23 Jun 25 04:02:07 +0000"
Lifetime
0

Session Attributes

Attribute Value
_csrf/https-comment
"1n6wG3O59n2stPZlQRh0p6aDItvyXxV0RXnDeTmrTO0"
_csrf/https-cookie_accept
"GGUCaBrkWulMK5H41WZ8buNt0t042UPJBAiQliR483o"

Session Usage

6 Usages
Stateless check enabled
Usage
Symfony\Component\Security\Csrf\TokenStorage\SessionTokenStorage:76
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Symfony\Component\Security\Csrf\TokenStorage\SessionTokenStorage:79
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    "line" => 197
    "function" => "handle"
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    "line" => 35
    "function" => "handle"
    "class" => "Symfony\Component\HttpKernel\Kernel"
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  [
    "file" => "/var/www/vhosts/dev.bbntimes.com/rct.dev.bbntimes.com/vendor/autoload_runtime.php"
    "line" => 29
    "function" => "run"
    "class" => "Symfony\Component\Runtime\Runner\Symfony\HttpKernelRunner"
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    "line" => 5
    "args" => [
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    "function" => "require_once"
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]
Symfony\Component\Security\Core\Authentication\Token\Storage\UsageTrackingTokenStorage:41
[
  [
    "file" => "/var/www/vhosts/dev.bbntimes.com/rct.dev.bbntimes.com/vendor/symfony/security-core/Authentication/Token/Storage/UsageTrackingTokenStorage.php"
    "line" => 41
    "function" => "getMetadataBag"
    "class" => "Symfony\Component\HttpFoundation\Session\Session"
    "type" => "->"
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  [
    "file" => "/var/www/vhosts/dev.bbntimes.com/rct.dev.bbntimes.com/vendor/symfony/twig-bridge/AppVariable.php"
    "line" => 103
    "function" => "getToken"
    "class" => "Symfony\Component\Security\Core\Authentication\Token\Storage\UsageTrackingTokenStorage"
    "type" => "->"
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    "line" => 1635
    "function" => "getUser"
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    "type" => "->"
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    "function" => "twig_get_attribute"
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  [
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    "line" => 394
    "function" => "doDisplay"
    "class" => "__TwigTemplate_824a013e4f3f4a68e03a2d244e765025"
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    "line" => 367
    "function" => "displayWithErrorHandling"
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    "function" => "display"
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    "function" => "render"
    "class" => "Twig\Template"
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  [
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    "line" => 453
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    "line" => 253
    "function" => "doRender"
    "class" => "Symfony\Bundle\FrameworkBundle\Controller\AbstractController"
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    "function" => "render"
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    "function" => "handle"
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  [
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  [
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    "line" => 367
    "function" => "displayWithErrorHandling"
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    "type" => "->"
  ]
  [
    "file" => "/var/www/vhosts/dev.bbntimes.com/rct.dev.bbntimes.com/vendor/twig/twig/src/Template.php"
    "line" => 379
    "function" => "display"
    "class" => "Twig\Template"
    "type" => "->"
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  [
    "file" => "/var/www/vhosts/dev.bbntimes.com/rct.dev.bbntimes.com/vendor/twig/twig/src/TemplateWrapper.php"
    "line" => 38
    "function" => "render"
    "class" => "Twig\Template"
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  [
    "file" => "/var/www/vhosts/dev.bbntimes.com/rct.dev.bbntimes.com/vendor/twig/twig/src/Environment.php"
    "line" => 280
    "function" => "render"
    "class" => "Twig\TemplateWrapper"
    "type" => "->"
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  [
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    "line" => 448
    "function" => "render"
    "class" => "Twig\Environment"
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  [
    "file" => "/var/www/vhosts/dev.bbntimes.com/rct.dev.bbntimes.com/vendor/symfony/framework-bundle/Controller/AbstractController.php"
    "line" => 453
    "function" => "doRenderView"
    "class" => "Symfony\Bundle\FrameworkBundle\Controller\AbstractController"
    "type" => "->"
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  [
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    "line" => 253
    "function" => "doRender"
    "class" => "Symfony\Bundle\FrameworkBundle\Controller\AbstractController"
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  [
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    "function" => "render"
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  [
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    "line" => 181
    "function" => "show"
    "class" => "App\Controller\ArticleController"
    "type" => "->"
  ]
  [
    "file" => "/var/www/vhosts/dev.bbntimes.com/rct.dev.bbntimes.com/vendor/symfony/http-kernel/HttpKernel.php"
    "line" => 76
    "function" => "handleRaw"
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    "type" => "->"
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  [
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    "line" => 197
    "function" => "handle"
    "class" => "Symfony\Component\HttpKernel\HttpKernel"
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  [
    "file" => "/var/www/vhosts/dev.bbntimes.com/rct.dev.bbntimes.com/vendor/symfony/runtime/Runner/Symfony/HttpKernelRunner.php"
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    "function" => "handle"
    "class" => "Symfony\Component\HttpKernel\Kernel"
    "type" => "->"
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  [
    "file" => "/var/www/vhosts/dev.bbntimes.com/rct.dev.bbntimes.com/vendor/autoload_runtime.php"
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    "function" => "run"
    "class" => "Symfony\Component\Runtime\Runner\Symfony\HttpKernelRunner"
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  [
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    "line" => 5
    "args" => [
      "/var/www/vhosts/dev.bbntimes.com/rct.dev.bbntimes.com/vendor/autoload_runtime.php"
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]
Symfony\Component\Security\Http\Firewall\ContextListener:171
[
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    "line" => 171
    "function" => "remove"
    "class" => "Symfony\Component\HttpFoundation\Session\Session"
    "type" => "->"
  ]
  [
    "file" => "/var/www/vhosts/dev.bbntimes.com/rct.dev.bbntimes.com/vendor/symfony/event-dispatcher/Debug/WrappedListener.php"
    "line" => 116
    "function" => "onKernelResponse"
    "class" => "Symfony\Component\Security\Http\Firewall\ContextListener"
    "type" => "->"
  ]
  [
    "file" => "/var/www/vhosts/dev.bbntimes.com/rct.dev.bbntimes.com/vendor/symfony/event-dispatcher/EventDispatcher.php"
    "line" => 220
    "function" => "__invoke"
    "class" => "Symfony\Component\EventDispatcher\Debug\WrappedListener"
    "type" => "->"
  ]
  [
    "file" => "/var/www/vhosts/dev.bbntimes.com/rct.dev.bbntimes.com/vendor/symfony/event-dispatcher/EventDispatcher.php"
    "line" => 56
    "function" => "callListeners"
    "class" => "Symfony\Component\EventDispatcher\EventDispatcher"
    "type" => "->"
  ]
  [
    "file" => "/var/www/vhosts/dev.bbntimes.com/rct.dev.bbntimes.com/vendor/symfony/event-dispatcher/Debug/TraceableEventDispatcher.php"
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    "function" => "dispatch"
    "class" => "Symfony\Component\EventDispatcher\EventDispatcher"
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  [
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    "function" => "dispatch"
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    "type" => "->"
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  [
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    "line" => 202
    "function" => "filterResponse"
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    "type" => "->"
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    "function" => "handleRaw"
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    "function" => "handle"
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    "function" => "handle"
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  [
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    "function" => "run"
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  [
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    "line" => 5
    "args" => [
      "/var/www/vhosts/dev.bbntimes.com/rct.dev.bbntimes.com/vendor/autoload_runtime.php"
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    "function" => "require_once"
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]

Flashes

Flashes

No flash messages were created.

Server Parameters

Server Parameters

Defined in .env

Key Value
APP_ENV
"dev"
APP_SECRET
"0a988e63f011514eaabfc650b599af4d"
CORS_ALLOW_ORIGIN
"*"
DATABASE_URL
"mysql://bbndb_rctuser:33F5W25z40or0f7@localhost:3306/rct_bbntimes"
GOOGLE_RECAPTCHA_SECRET_KEY
"6LdV5fgpAAAAANxzTG8ZMfIjil1wu-1vrQvnUt-x"
GOOGLE_RECAPTCHA_SITE_KEY
"6LdV5fgpAAAAAENKcn73MJAhQrbtQeqgyC4wDLMP"
MAILER_DSN
"smtp://no-reply%40rct.dev.bbntimes.com:Bl6%26gLD48%26Of919@rct.dev.bbntimes.com:465"
MARIADB_PASSWORD
"i!87pK&!85ezc8"

Defined as regular env variables

Key Value
APP_DEBUG
"1"
BASE
"/public"
CONTEXT_DOCUMENT_ROOT
"/var/www/vhosts/dev.bbntimes.com/rct.dev.bbntimes.com"
CONTEXT_PREFIX
""
DOCUMENT_ROOT
"/var/www/vhosts/dev.bbntimes.com/rct.dev.bbntimes.com"
FCGI_ROLE
"RESPONDER"
GATEWAY_INTERFACE
"CGI/1.1"
HTTPS
"on"
HTTP_ACCEPT
"*/*"
HTTP_ACCEPT_ENCODING
"gzip, br, zstd, deflate"
HTTP_CONNECTION
"close"
HTTP_COOKIE
"PHPSESSID=bvr7cagtkdrlhljvs592thpm6l"
HTTP_HOST
"rct.dev.bbntimes.com"
HTTP_USER_AGENT
"Mozilla/5.0 AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko; compatible; ClaudeBot/1.0; +claudebot@anthropic.com)"
PASSENGER_COMPILE_NATIVE_SUPPORT_BINARY
"0"
PASSENGER_DOWNLOAD_NATIVE_SUPPORT_BINARY
"0"
PATH
"/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/sbin:/bin:/snap/bin"
PHP_SELF
"/public/index.php"
PP_CUSTOM_PHP_CGI_INDEX
"plesk-php81-fastcgi"
PP_CUSTOM_PHP_INI
"/var/www/vhosts/system/rct.dev.bbntimes.com/etc/php.ini"
QUERY_STRING
""
REDIRECT_BASE
"/public"
REDIRECT_HTTPS
"on"
REDIRECT_PASSENGER_COMPILE_NATIVE_SUPPORT_BINARY
"0"
REDIRECT_PASSENGER_DOWNLOAD_NATIVE_SUPPORT_BINARY
"0"
REDIRECT_REDIRECT_HTTPS
"on"
REDIRECT_REDIRECT_PASSENGER_COMPILE_NATIVE_SUPPORT_BINARY
"0"
REDIRECT_REDIRECT_PASSENGER_DOWNLOAD_NATIVE_SUPPORT_BINARY
"0"
REDIRECT_REDIRECT_SCRIPT_URI
"https://rct.dev.bbntimes.com/global-economy/a-primer-on-nfts"
REDIRECT_REDIRECT_SCRIPT_URL
"/global-economy/a-primer-on-nfts"
REDIRECT_REDIRECT_SSL_TLS_SNI
"rct.dev.bbntimes.com"
REDIRECT_REDIRECT_STATUS
"200"
REDIRECT_REDIRECT_UNIQUE_ID
"aFjRwIXZ5aI4E6hTId-huQAAAII"
REDIRECT_SCRIPT_URI
"https://rct.dev.bbntimes.com/global-economy/a-primer-on-nfts"
REDIRECT_SCRIPT_URL
"/global-economy/a-primer-on-nfts"
REDIRECT_SSL_TLS_SNI
"rct.dev.bbntimes.com"
REDIRECT_STATUS
"200"
REDIRECT_UNIQUE_ID
"aFjRwIXZ5aI4E6hTId-huQAAAII"
REDIRECT_URL
"/public/global-economy/a-primer-on-nfts"
REMOTE_ADDR
"216.73.216.240"
REMOTE_PORT
"28709"
REQUEST_METHOD
"GET"
REQUEST_SCHEME
"https"
REQUEST_TIME
1750651328
REQUEST_TIME_FLOAT
1750651328.0894
REQUEST_URI
"/global-economy/a-primer-on-nfts"
SCRIPT_FILENAME
"/var/www/vhosts/dev.bbntimes.com/rct.dev.bbntimes.com/public/index.php"
SCRIPT_NAME
"/public/index.php"
SCRIPT_URI
"https://rct.dev.bbntimes.com/global-economy/a-primer-on-nfts"
SCRIPT_URL
"/global-economy/a-primer-on-nfts"
SERVER_ADDR
"5.196.1.209"
SERVER_ADMIN
"[no address given]"
SERVER_NAME
"rct.dev.bbntimes.com"
SERVER_PORT
"443"
SERVER_PROTOCOL
"HTTP/1.1"
SERVER_SIGNATURE
"<address>Apache Server at rct.dev.bbntimes.com Port 443</address>\n"
SERVER_SOFTWARE
"Apache"
SSL_TLS_SNI
"rct.dev.bbntimes.com"
SYMFONY_DOTENV_VARS
"APP_ENV,APP_SECRET,DATABASE_URL,MARIADB_PASSWORD,CORS_ALLOW_ORIGIN,MAILER_DSN,GOOGLE_RECAPTCHA_SECRET_KEY,GOOGLE_RECAPTCHA_SITE_KEY"
UNIQUE_ID
"aFjRwIXZ5aI4E6hTId-huQAAAII"

Sub Requests 6

CookieController :: renderAnalysis (token = d54787)

Key Value
_controller
"App\Controller\CookieController::renderAnalysis"
_format
"html"
_locale
"en"
_stopwatch_token
"93b80d"

AppController :: renderHeader (token = 239b0b)

Key Value
_controller
"App\Controller\AppController::renderHeader"
_format
"html"
_locale
"en"
_stopwatch_token
"29c701"
slug
"home"

ArticleController :: trendingArticle (token = bb5163)

Key Value
_controller
"App\Controller\ArticleController::trendingArticle"
_format
"html"
_locale
"en"
_stopwatch_token
"278750"
category
"Global Economy"

ArticleController :: relatedArticles (token = 91a75c)

Key Value
_controller
"App\Controller\ArticleController::relatedArticles"
_format
"html"
_locale
"en"
_stopwatch_token
"17928f"
current_article
App\Entity\Article {#1094
  -id: 10062
  -title: "A Primer on NFTs"
  -slug: "a-primer-on-nfts"
  -introtext: "<p>NFT stands for “non-fungible token.”</p>\r\n"
  -content: """
    \r\n
    <p>There is real money involved here: hundreds of millions of NFTs are bought and sold each week. Back in March, an NFT for a work of art called&nbsp;<a href="https://onlineonly.christies.com/s/beeple-first-5000-days/beeple-b-1981-1/112924" rel="nofollow">“Everydays: The First 5000 Days”</a>&nbsp;sold through the Christie’s auction house in New York for $69 million. Notice that the buyer did not receive a canvas-and-paint piece of art. Nor did the buyer get exclusive ownership over the digital image: you can go to the image at the link above, copy it, and put it on your own computer. So what is this “token” that was purchased and what does the “non-fungible” part of NFT mean?&nbsp;<a href="https://hbr.org/2021/11/how-nfts-create-value" rel="nofollow">Steve Kaczynski and Scott Duke Kominers offer </a>a primer in “How NFTs Create Value” (Harvard Business Review, November 10, 2021). They write:</p>\r\n
    <blockquote class="wp-block-quote">\r\n
    <p>As the name “non-fungible token” suggests, each NFT is a unique, one-of-a-kind digital item. They’re stored on public-facing digital ledgers called&nbsp;<a href="https://hbr.org/topic/blockchain" rel="nofollow">blockchains</a>, which means it’s possible to prove who owns a given NFT at any moment in time and trace the history of prior ownership. Moreover, it’s easy to transfer NFTs from one person to another — just as a bank might move money across accounts — and it’s very hard to counterfeit them. Because NFT ownership is easy to certify and transfer, we can use them to create markets in a variety of different goods.</p>\r\n
    <p>But NFTs don’t just provide a kind of digital “deed.” Because blockchains are&nbsp;<a href="https://www.forbes.com/sites/forbesbusinesscouncil/2021/10/08/programmable-blockchains-how-nfts-are-driving-the-future-of-art-music-and-play/?sh=2afb7f4f1c4c" rel="nofollow">programmable</a>, it’s possible to endow NFTs with features that enable them to expand their purpose over time, or even to provide direct utility to their holders. In other words, NFTs can do things — or let their owners do things — in both digital spaces and the physical world.</p>\r\n
    <p>In this sense, NFTs can function like membership cards or tickets, providing access to events, exclusive merchandise, and special discounts — as well as serving as digital keys to online spaces where holders can engage with each other. Moreover, because the blockchain is public, it’s even possible to send additional products directly to anyone who owns a given token. All of this gives NFT holders value over and above simple ownership — and provides creators with a vector to build a highly engaged community around their brands.</p>\r\n
    <p>It’s not uncommon to see creators organize in-person meetups for their NFT holders, as&nbsp;<a href="https://www.nft.nyc/events" rel="nofollow">many did</a>&nbsp;at the recent&nbsp;<a href="https://www.nft.nyc/" rel="nofollow">NFT NYC</a>&nbsp;conference. In other cases, having a specific NFT in your online wallet might be necessary in order to gain access to an online game, chat room, or&nbsp;<a href="https://www.theboredapegazette.com/post/the-bayc-x-hundred-collab-drops-this-weekend-everything-you-need-to-know-prior-to-the-release" rel="nofollow">merchandise store</a>. … Thus owning an NFT effectively makes you an investor, a member of a club, a brand shareholder, and a participant in a loyalty program all at once. At the same time, NFTs’ programmability supports new business and profit models — for example, NFTs have enabled a new type of&nbsp;<a href="https://hbr.org/2017/03/blockchain-could-help-artists-profit-more-from-their-creative-works" rel="nofollow">royalty</a>&nbsp;<a href="https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-2981" rel="nofollow">contract</a>, whereby each time a work is resold, a share of the transaction goes back to the original creator. …</p>\r\n
    <p>NFTs enable new markets by allowing people to create and build upon new forms of ownership. These projects succeed by leveraging a core dynamic of crypto: A token’s worth comes from&nbsp;<a href="https://www.project-syndicate.org/onpoint/bitcoin-and-new-digital-ledger-applications-by-christian-catalini-et-al-2021-04" rel="nofollow">users’ shared agreement</a>&nbsp;— and this means that the community one builds around NFTs quite literally creates those NFTs’ underlying value. And the more these communities increase engagement and become part of people’s personal identities, the more that value is reinforced. Newer applications will take greater advantage of online-offline connections, and introduce increasingly complex token designs.&nbsp;</p>\r\n
    </blockquote>\r\n
    <p>I confess that I’m not at all sure how membership in an online community made it worthwhile for someone to spend $69 million for a nonfungible token on&nbsp;<a href="https://onlineonly.christies.com/s/beeple-first-5000-days/beeple-b-1981-1/112924" rel="nofollow">“Everydays: The First 5000 Days.”</a>&nbsp;But a lot of money has been made by getting people to join up with certain online communities, through social media, gaming, and direct purchases. NFTs seem to offer new possibilities for organizing such groups.</p>
    """
  -user: Proxies\__CG__\App\Entity\User {#1092 …}
  -createdAt: DateTime @1636979040 {#1145
    date: 2021-11-15 12:24:00.0 UTC (+00:00)
  }
  -updatedAt: DateTime @1636979175 {#1150
    date: 2021-11-15 12:26:15.0 UTC (+00:00)
  }
  -deletedAt: null
  -category: App\Entity\Category {#445 …}
  -status: "published"
  -imageCard: Proxies\__CG__\App\Entity\File {#1184 …}
  -ImageHeader: Proxies\__CG__\App\Entity\File {#1184 …}
  -featured: false
  -mainView: false
  -clicks: 5737
  -comments: Doctrine\ORM\PersistentCollection {#1125 …}
  -reviewed_at: DateTime @1636979040 {#1148
    date: 2021-11-15 12:24:00.0 UTC (+00:00)
  }
  -metakey: "A Primer on NFTs"
  -metadesc: "NFT stands for “non-fungible token.”"
  -robots: null
  -publishedAt: DateTime @1636979040 {#1147
    date: 2021-11-15 12:24:00.0 UTC (+00:00)
  }
  -canonical: null
  -superTag: null
}

AppController :: renderFooter (token = 58f903)

Key Value
_controller
"App\Controller\AppController::renderFooter"
_format
"html"
_locale
"en"
_stopwatch_token
"ba7b1d"

CookieController :: renderCookie (token = 74c62f)

Key Value
_controller
"App\Controller\CookieController::renderCookie"
_format
"html"
_locale
"en"
_stopwatch_token
"ac05f0"